I-Paraformaldehyde yifomu eyenziwe ngobuningi ye-formaldehyde, ebonakala njengempuphu emhlophe enamakristalu enomkhuhlane obukhali. Le nhlanganisela eqinile ngokuvamile iqukethe u-91 kuya ku-99 we-formaldehyde futhi ikhiqizwa ngokushisa okungalawulwa kwezixazululo ze-formaldehyde ezinokuhlushwa. Enye yezici zayo ezibalulekile zomzimba ukuba yinto ekhangayo kakhulu, okusho ukuthi iyakwazi ukumunca umswakama emvelweni ezungezile. Lapho ifudunyezwa, i-paraformaldehyde idlula ekuhlakazweni ukuze ikhiphe i-formaldehyde esegesi, okuyinto esebenza kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi zamakhemikhali. Ayincibiliki kancane emanzini abandayo kodwa incibilika kalula emanzini ashisayo, ikhiphe imisinga ye-formaldehyde ngesikhathi. Le nto inezinga lokuncibilika eliphakathi kuka-120 kuya ku-170 degrees Celsius, lapho yona ihlakazeka ngesikhathi esifanayo. Abakhiqizi bayayithanda i-paraformaldehyde njengomthombo oqinile we-formaldehyde engenamanzi, bagweme izinselele zokuthutha nokusingatha ezihambisana nezixazululo ze-formalin. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza i-paraformaldehyde ibe impahla eluhlaza ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni, kusukela ezilimo eziyizidakamizwa kuya kuma-resins okwenziwa.

Elinye lamakhasimende amakhulu kakhulu e-paraformaldehyde ukukhiqizwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ikakhulukazi i-glyphosate, lapho isebenza njengomthombo obalulekile we-methylene. Le nto isabela kalula ne-glycine nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukuze yakhe isakhiwo se-phosphonate esibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Lolu hlelo lodwa luthatha iphesenti elibalulekile lokusetshenziswa kwe-paraformaldehyde emhlabeni wonke, luqhakambisa ukubaluleka kwalo kwezolimo. Ngaphandle komthombo othembekile we-formaldehyde eqinile, ukuhlanganiswa kweziningi izibulala-zinambuzane kungaba nzima futhi kubize kakhulu ngokwezinto zokuhamba. Ukuhlanzeka okungaguquki kwe-paraformaldehyde esezingeni eliphezulu kuthinta ngqo inani kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina wezibulala-zinambuzane. Ngakho-ke abakhiqizi bamachweba banaka kakhulu izinga lokuhlakazeka kanye nokuqukethwe komswakama okusele lapho bekhetha umphakeli we-paraformaldehyde wokuhlanganiswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane.

I-Paraformaldehyde isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izinsimbi ze-phenolic, izinsimbi ze-urea-formaldehyde, nezinsimbi ze-melamine-formaldehyde ezokunamathelisa nokugqoka. Leli qembu le-thermosetting lisebenzisa i-formaldehyde njenge-crosslinking agent eyakha inethiwekhi eqinile yobukhulu obuthathu ebhekele amandla ayo nokuqina. I-paraformaldehyde eqinile inikeza inzuzo yokulawula okunembayo kwe-stoichiometric ngoba ayinawo amanzi, ngokungafani nezixazululo ze-formalin ezingena ubungako obuhlukahlukene bokunciphisa. Abakhiqizi bezinsimbi bangafinyelela ukulayisha okuphezulu nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngesikhathi sesinyathelo sokukhipha amanzi lapho beqala nge-paraformaldehyde. Izinsimbi ezivelayo zibonisa ukumelana okuhle nokushisa, amandla emishini, nokungathathi hlangothi kwamakhemikhali, okwenza zilungele izingxenye zezimoto, izinto zikagesi, nezinto zokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungabikho kwe-methanol stabilizer ku-paraformaldehyde kuqeda umthombo ovamile wokukhishwa kwezinto ezingaguquguquki zomoya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwezinsimbi.

I-Formaldehyde ekhishwe ku-paraformaldehyde iyisibulala-magciwane esibanzi esaziwayo esisebenza kahle ngokumelene namagciwane, amagciwane, namagciwane. Izibhedlela namalabhorethri asebenzisa izixazululo ze-paraformaldehyde ukuze kuqothulwe izinto zokusebenza kanye nokuhlanza izindawo. Le nto iphinde isetshenziswe ekugcinweni kwezibonelo zezinto eziphilayo, lapho izakhiwo zayo zokulungisa zihlanganisa amaprotheni futhi zivimbele ukubola kwezicubu. Ezindaweni zezolimo, ukubhema izindlu zenkukhu nezindawo zezilwane ngezibhamu ze-formaldehyde kusiza ukulawula izifo phakathi kwemijikelezo yokukhiqiza. Ukugxila nesikhathi sokuchayeka kungaphathwa ngokucophelela ngokufudumeza inani eliqondile le-paraformaldehyde endaweni evaliwe. Le ndlela yokubhema ikhethwa phezu kwe-formalin eyis liquid ngoba ayikhiqizi uketshezi olubaleka futhi ishiya okusele okuncane ezindaweni.

I-Hexamine, eyaziwa ngokwesayensi ngokuthi i-hexamethylenetetramine, iyindawano emhlophe eyenziwe amakristali enefomula ye-chemical C6H12N4. Isakhiwo sayo siqukethe ukuhlelwa okufana nenkatho kwamalungana amane e-nitrogen ahlangene ngamaqembu ayisithupha e-methylene, okunikeza imolekyuli ukuhleleka okumangalisayo nokuzinza. Le ndawano incibilika kakhulu emanzini kanye nezixazululo ze-organic ezine-polar, futhi izixazululo zayo zamanzi ziyi-alkaline. Lapho i-hexamine ithintana ne-acid eqinile, iyachithwa ukuze ikhiphe i-formaldehyde ne-ammonia, impahla esetshenziswa kwezinye izicelo zezimboni. Le nto ayimuncwa umswakama ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, okwenza ukuthi igcinwe kalula uma iqhathaniswa ne-paraformaldehyde, kodwa iyasha futhi kufanele igcinwe kude nemililo evulekile. I-Hexamine inepoyinti yokufudumala cishe ku-280 degrees Celsius ngaphandle kokuncibilika, okuvumela ukuthi ivuke ngokushelela ukuze kube khona izimpendulo zesigaba segesi. Iphrofayili yayo eyingqayizivele yokuphendula iyenza ibe yisisekelo esibalulekile sokwakhiwa kweziqhumane, imithi, kanye namakhemikhali enjoloba.

Embonini yerabha, i-hexamine isebenza njengomnikeli we-formaldehyde osheshisa inqubo ye-vulcanization, isiza ukuxhumanisa amaketanga e-polymer futhi ithuthukise izakhiwo ze-elastic zomkhiqizo wokugcina. Iyasebenza ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokwelapha ezisekelwe kusulfure zamarubha emvelo nawokwenziwa, lapho ikhuthaza ukuxhumanisa okusheshayo nokufanayo. Amathayi, izimbotshana, amabhande, kanye nezimpahla zerabha ezibunjiwe zonke zizuzwa ngokungezwa kwe-hexamine kumaresepi azo okwelapha. Umsebenzi wokugxilisa we-hexamine uvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi banciphise izikhathi zokwelapha futhi bandise ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizo ngaphandle kokudela ukusebenza kwezinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hexamine iqhuba ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuzinza kokuguga kwerabha elenziwe i-vulcanized, yandisa impilo yesevisi yemikhiqizo esetshenziswa ezindaweni ezidingekayo. Abahlanganisi berabha bavame ukuhlanganisa i-hexamine nezinye izikhuthazi kanye nama-activators ukwenza kahle iphrofayili yokwelapha yohlelo ngalunye oluthile.

I-Hexamine iyisithako esibalulekile ekwenziweni kwe-RDX (Research Department Explosive), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cyclonite noma i-hexogen. Ukwenziwa kwayo kuhilela ukufaka i-nitric acid egxilile ku-hexamine ukuze kukhiqizwe umgqomo wokuqhuma onamandla aphezulu. I-RDX iyisithako esibalulekile kuma-explosives apulasitiki, iziqongqo zempi zempi, kanye nezimiso zokudubula ngenxa ye-brisance yayo ephezulu kanye nesivinini sokuqhuma. I-Hexamine ngokwayo nayo isetshenziswa ematafuleni kaphethiloli oqinile weziko lokupheka lokukhempela kanye njengesibopho kumalungiselelo athile e-pyrotechnic. Izinqubo zokuphepha zokuphatha i-hexamine ekwenziweni kweziqhuma ziqinile kakhulu, zidinga ukulawulwa okuqinile kwezinga lokushisa, ubuhlungu, kanye nokushaqeka komshini. Ubuhlanzekile kanye nokusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya ze-hexamine kuthinta ngqo inani kanye nekhwalithi ye-RDX ekhiqizwayo, okwenza kube kubalulekile ukuthola kubathengisi bamachweba abahlonishwayo.

Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, i-hexamine isetshenziswa njengento ephakathi ekwenziweni kwezinhlanganisela zemithi eziningana, okubandakanya izinto ezilwa namagciwane kanye nezinto ezibulala amagciwane emgudwini womchamo. Umuthi obizwa nge-methenamine, okuyisona i-hexamine uqobo, usetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezingapheli zomgudu womchamo ngokukhulula i-formaldehyde emgudwini womchamo onama-acid. Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, i-hexamine isebenza njenge-crosslinking agent kuma-phenolic kanye nama-amino resins, ithuthukisa ubulukhuni, ukumelana namanzi, kanye nokuzinza kobukhulu kwe-polymer eqinisiwe. Iphinde isetshenziswe ekwenziweni kwezinto ezivimbela umlilo, lapho ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-char ngesikhathi sokushiswa. Ukusebenza okuhlukahlukene kwe-hexamine njengento eyakhiwa ngama-nitrogen amaningi kuyenza ibe nomthelela ekwakheni izinhlanganisela ezinezici ezithile zebhayoloji noma zezinto. Abacwaningi bamakhimikhali baqhubeka nokuhlola izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa i-hexamine emkhakheni we-polymer science kanye ne-medicinal chemistry.

I-paraformaldehyde ne-hexamine zixhunywe ngokwemvelo ngokusebenzisa ukusabela okungabuyelela okubandakanya i-formaldehyde ne-ammonia. Lapho i-paraformaldehyde ihlukaniswa ukuze ikhiphe igesi ye-formaldehyde, le gesi ingafakwa emanzini esixazululo se-ammonia ukuze kwakheke i-hexamine ngokusebenzisa ukusabela okujwayelekile kokuhlanganiswa. Ukusabela okuphelele kudla amamolekyuli amane e-ammonia namamolekyuli ayisithupha e-formaldehyde ukuze kukhiqizwe imolekyuli eyodwa ye-hexamine namamolekyuli ayisithupha amanzi. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bakhethe ifomu elula kakhulu lokudla inqubo yabo ethile ngenkathi begcina ukufinyelela kwi-formaldehyde core efanayo esebenzayo. Ngokuphambene, i-hexamine ingahlukaniswa ngamanzi ngaphansi kwezimo ezimuncu ukuze ibuyisele i-formaldehyde, ihlinzeke ngendlela yokukhululwa elawulwayo kwezicelo lapho ukulethwa kwe-formaldehyde kancane kuncanyelwa. Lobu budlelwano bemvelo kusho ukuthi lezi zinto ezimbili zivame ukuvela ndawonye kumkhiqizo womkhiqizi, njengoba sibonisa izinkampani ezifana ne-Hebei Jintaida Chemical Co., Ltd. ezinikeza zombili izinto.

I-Paraformaldehyde kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile, futhi enomoya omuhle, okungcono phakathi kuka-15 no-30 degrees Celsius, ukuze kuncishiswe ukumunca umswakama kanye nokuhlakazeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Iziqukathi kufanele zigcinwe zivaliwe ngokuqinile lapho zingasetshenziswa, futhi indawo yokugcina kufanele ihlonyiswe ngezinhlelo zokuvimbela ukuchitheka kanye nokucisha umlilo. Abasebenzi abaphatha i-paraformaldehyde kufanele bagqoke izinto zokuzivikela ezifanele, okuhlanganisa izibuko zokuphepha zamakhemikhali, amagilavu ​​e-nitrile noma enjoloba, kanye nemaski yothuli noma i-respirator ukuze kugwenywe ukungeniswa komoya we-formaldehyde. Zonke izindawo zokugcina kufanele zibhalwe ngokucacile ngezixwayiso zobungozi kanye nolwazi lokuxhumana oluphuthumayo. Uma kwenzeka kuchitheka, impahla kufanele isulwe ngokucophelela ngaphandle kokudala uthuli futhi ibekwe esitsheni esivaliwe ukuze ilahlwe ngokuya ngemithetho yendawo.

I-Hexamine kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile, eyomile kude nezinsipho, izinto ezibangela ukusha, nemithombo yomlilo ngoba iyasha futhi ingasebenzelana kakhulu nezinto ezibangela ukusha kakhulu. Le nto iyanqamuka ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile kodwa izobola uma ibhekana namazinga okushisa aphezulu noma izindawo ezine-acid, ikhiphe igesi le-formaldehyde ne-ammonia elishayo. Izinyathelo zokuvikela umlilo zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezicishamlilo ezomisiwe, i-carbon dioxide, noma amanzi ashisayo; amanzi ashushumbisayo kufanele agwenywe ngoba angasakaza izinto ezishayo. Abasebenzi abasebenza ne-hexamine kufanele bagqoke izibuko zokuphepha, izingubo ezivimbela umlilo, namagilavu ​​avimbela amakhemikhali ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthintana nesikhumba nokucasuka kwamehlo. Ukungena komoya okwanele kubalulekile kokubili ngesikhathi sokugcina nokucubungula ukuze kugcinwe ukugcwala kwezintuthu nomusi kungaphansi kwemikhawulo evunyelwe yokuchayeka.

Embonini yemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, i-paraformaldehyde isetshenziswa njengento eyinhloko ekwenziweni kwe-glyphosate, i-glufosinate, nezinye izibulala-zinambuzane ze-organophosphorus, lapho okuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-formaldehyde kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwe-reaction. Imboni yama-resin ithembele ku-paraformaldehyde ekukhiqizeni izinto eziyisikhunta ze-phenolic ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ezintweni zokuvikela ugesi, izinto zokubopha amabhuleki, nezinto zasekhishini. Ekukhiqizeni irabha, i-hexamine isebenza njengesikhuthazi esibalulekile sokuvulcanization esenza imijikelezo yokwelapha esheshayo nokumelana nokushisa okuthuthukisiwe ezintweni zamathayi kanye nezinto zerabha zezimboni. Lezi zikhemikhali ezimbili zivame ukubonakala ku-supply chain efanayo ngoba abakhiqizi abaningi bezolimo nabakhiqizi be-polymer badinga zombili izipho ze-formaldehyde kanye nama-crosslinker e-amine. Umphakeli oyedwa onokwethenjelwa ongakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi ehambisanayo ye-paraformaldehyde ne-hexamine kwenza lula i-logistics kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi kubakhiqizi abasezingeni eliphansi.Ikhaya kwiqoqo elibanzi lemikhiqizo esekelwe ku-formaldehyde, i-Hebei Jintaida Chemical Co., Ltd. isebenzela amakhasimende kule mikhakha ngezixazululo ezenziwe ngendlela efanele.

I-Hebei Jintaida Chemical Co., Ltd. inikeza i-paraformaldehyde ne-hexamine enezinga eliphezulu kakhulu ehlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zezimboni zokwenziwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane, ukukhiqizwa kwe-resin, ukuhlanganiswa kwerabha, nezinye izicelo ezidinga kakhulu. Imikhiqizo yabo ye-paraformaldehyde ngokuvamile ifinyelela okuqukethwe kwe-formaldehyde kusuka ku-92 kuye ku-96 percent ngokuncipha komswakama okuncane, okuqinisekisa ukuziphatha okungaguquguquki kwe-depolymerization kanye nomkhiqizo omkhulu kakhulu ezimpendulweni ezilandelayo. Le nkampani ihlinzeka ngezinketho eziningi zokupakisha, okubandakanya izikhwama ezingama-25 kg, izikhwama ezinkulu ezingama-500 kg, neziqukathi ezinkulu ezenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo, okuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi akhethe ifomethi ehambisana kahle nezinhlelo zawo zokuphatha izinto. Ukuzinza ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuthutha kuyisibonakaliso sokulawula ikhwalithi yabo, ngokuhlolwa okuqinile kwethuba lokubambana, okuqukethwe yi-acid yamahhala, nokusabalalisa kosayizi wezinhlayiya.Funda kabanzi mayelana nenkampani yethukanye nokuzibophezela kwethu ekuqinisekiseni kwekhwalithi nokwethembeka kwe-supply chain. Ithimba lobuchwepheshe libuye linikeze izinsizakalo zokwakheka ngokwezifiso ukuze kulungiswe usayizi wezinhlayiya, ubumsulwa, noma ukupakisha kwezidingo ezithile zamakhasimende, okubenza babengabalingani abaguquguqukayo kubakhiqizi abaningi abakhiqiza ngobuningi kanye nabacubungula amakhemikhali akhethekile.Imikhiqizo ye-Paraformaldehydeezivela ku-Hebei Jintaida zithunyelwa emhlabeni wonke futhi zithembwa yizinkampani ezihamba phambili zamakhemikhali.

I-paraformaldehyde incibilika kahle kakhulu ngokuyifudumeza emanzini ku-60–70 degrees Celsius ngenkathi uyigxova, ngokuvamile ngokungeza inani elincane lesisekelo njenge-sodium hydroxide ukusheshisa ukuhlakazeka. Isixazululo kufanele silungiswe ku-fume hood ngoba umusi we-formaldehyde ukhishwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilika. Uma isincibilikile, isixazululo kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokushesha noma sigcinwe esitsheni esivaliwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubuyela ekubeni yisikhunta. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-organic, i-paraformaldehyde ingancibilika ngqo ku-solvent yokuphendula ngaphansi kwezimo ze-reflux. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuncibilika okuphelele kuthatha isikhathi, futhi izingcezu ezingancibilikile zingasuswa ngokuhlunga uma kudingeka.

Uma igcinwa esitsheni esipholile, esomile, esivaliwe kude nezinto ezine-acid nezinto ezibangela ukubola, i-hexamine ingahlala isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezingu-24 kusukela osukwini lokwenziwa kwayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kakhulu, ukuzinza kwayo kungadlula iminyaka emithathu ngaphandle kokubola okukhulu noma ukulahlekelwa amandla. Ukuhlolwa njalo kokuhlanzeka nokuqukethwe umswakama kuyalulekwa ezintweni ezihlale isikhathi esidlula usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi olubhalwe kuso. Kufanele kuhlolwe ukuthi le nto ayishintshile umbala, ayiqoqene, noma ayinuki njenge-acid, okungabonisa ukubola. Abasebenzisi kufanele njalo balandele umgomo wokusebenzisa okokuqala okungene ukunciphisa isikhathi sokugcina nokugcina ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo enhle kakhulu.

Angagcinwa endaweni eyodwa uma nje ehlukaniswe amamitha okungenani ayisihlanu futhi agcinwe ezitsheni zawo zokuqala ezivaliwe ezinelebula efanele. Kodwa-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuthi zihlukaniswe ezindaweni zomlilo ezihlukene ngoba i-paraformaldehyde iyinto eqinile evutha kalula kanti i-hexamine iyavutha, futhi izidingo zazo zokucisha umlilo ziyahlukahluka. Indawo yokugcina kufanele ibe nomoya owanele futhi igcinwe ingeqi degree Celsius ezingama-30 kanye nokulawulwa komswakama ukuze kuvikelwe i-paraformaldehyde. Ithimba lethu le-R&D liqhubeka nokufunda izimo zokugcina ezihamba phambili ukusiza amakhasimende ukuthi agcine imikhiqizo yayo ingonakali kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa.

I-Paraformaldehyde ne-hexamine yizinto ezimbili zamakhemikhali ezibalulekile ezisekelayo izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezimboni, kusukela ekwenziweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane nokukhiqizwa kwe-resin kuya ekwenzeni irabha kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemithi. Ukuguquka kwazo kwamakhemikhali kunikeza ukuguquguquka ekutholeni nasekuklameni izinqubo, okuvumela abakhiqizi ukuthi balungise imisebenzi yabo ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kahle. Noma kunjalo, imvelo esebenzayo yalezi zinhlanganisela idinga ukuthobela ngokuqinile izimiso zokusingatha nokugcina ezivikelekile ukuze kuvikelwe abasebenzi nemishini. Ukukhetha umphakeli oqeqeshiwe onomlando oqinisekisiwe wekhwalithi, ubumsulwa, nokulethwa okuthembekile kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza komkhiqizo okungaguquki nokuthobela imithetho. I-Hebei Jintaida Chemical Co., Ltd. inikeza i-paraformaldehyde ne-hexamine esezingeni eliphezulu esekelwa ubuchwepheshe kanye nenkonzo egxile kumakhasimende.Xhumana nethimba lethu ukuze sixoxe ngezidingo zakho ezithile futhi sithole ukuthi izixazululo zethu zamakhemikhali zingasekela kanjani impumelelo yakho yokukhiqiza.