Ukuhlelwa kanye Nokuthunyelwa Kobuchwepheshe KwamaGoli Amafutha Amathathu AseShayina E-Afrika

Ama-"Three Oil Giants" aseShayina aqala ukungena kwawo okukhulu e-Afrika kusukela ngawo-2000s futhi manje aseba abadlali ababalulekile emkhakheni kawoyela negesi kuleli lizwekazi.

I-China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC)

I-Afrika ingenye yezindawo zokuqala lapho i-China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) yandisa khona emhlabeni wonke. Kusukela ngo-1995, i-CNPC ibihlanganyela ekubambisaneni kwamandla e-Afrika, yasebenzisa indlela yokubambisana ehlukile ehlukile ezindleleni zokusebenza zezinkampani zikagesi zaseNtshonalanga. Isibalo sayo sihlanganisa amazwe nezifunda ezingaphezu kuka-20, okubalwa kuwo i-Chad, i-Niger, i-Mozambique, kanye ne-Benin.

ENigeria, i-CNPC ibamba iqhaza ekutholeni izindawo eziningi ezisemhlabeni nasemanzini aphansi. E-Niger, i-CNPC ihola ukuthuthukiswa kwenkundla kawoyela i-Agadem kanye nokwakhiwa komzila kawoyela ongadlula ku-1,900 wamakhilomitha, iqinisekisa isivumelwano sokuhlinzekwa kukayelwe esingu-$400 million ngo-2024. E-Mozambique, i-CNPC iphethe isabelo esingu-20% kuphrojekthi ye-Rovuma LNG, enye yamaphrojekthi amakhulu kakhulu e-LNG e-Afrika.

Ukuthunyelwa kobuchwepheshe be-CNPC kugxile ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwemigudu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinkundla zikagesi ezisemhlabeni, kunesipiliyoni kumodeli ehlanganisiwe "enkundla kawoyela + umzila + ifektri yokucwenga".

China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec)

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec) ibambe iqhaza elikhulu ekubambisaneni kulo lonke elase-Afrika ezindaweni ezifana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwezinsiza zikawoyela negesi, izinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe zobunjiniyela be-petroleum, izinsizakalo zobunjiniyela bokucwenga nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, kanye nokuhweba ngamandla. I-Sinopec igxile ezinsizakalweni zobunjiniyela kanye nokucwenga/i-petrochemicals, okuhlanganisa ukuthatha nokugcwalisa amaphrojekthi wokuklama ubunjiniyela njengengxenye yokucwecwa kwe-catalytic cracking unit engama-tons angu-600,000 ngonyaka e-N'Djamena Refinery e-Chad, ukwandiswa kwe-condensate processing unit engama-tons angu-5 million ngonyaka kanye nezindawo zayo zokugcina nokuthutha e-Algeria, kanye namaphrojekthi okuthekelisa ubuchwepheshe njengephrojekthi ye-delayed coking e-Sudan. Le nkampani iphinde yafeza amaphrojekthi obunjiniyela, ukuthengwa, nokwakhiwa (EPC), njengengxenye ye-methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) unit engama-tons angu-200,000 ngonyaka e-Arzew Refinery e-Algeria, futhi yenza ubudlelwano obubanzi bokubambisana namakhasimende endawo.

Ngaphandle kobunjiniyela nokuhlanzwa, ngo-2013, iSinopec International Petroleum Exploration and Production Corporation (SIPC), eyindodana yeSinopec, yangenela ngokusemthethweni emakethe kawoyela negesi esezingeni eliphezulu naphakathi e-Egypt ngokuthola isabelo kuphrojekthi ye-Apache e-Egypt.

China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC)

I-China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) igxile emaphrojekthi asemanzini ajulile nasolwandle. E-Nigeria, ingeyona i-45% ebhulokini i-OML130, okubandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kwenkundla kawoyela ejulile i-Egina. Lo mphrojekthi usebenzisa umkhumbi we-FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) onamandla okukhiqiza aphezulu angama-200,000 amabareli ngosuku. I-CNOOC yethule ubuchwepheshe be-FPSO obuthuthukiswe ngokuzimela e-China kanye nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza ngaphansi kwamanzi. E-Angola, i-CNOOC ibamba iqhaza emabhulokini amaningi asemanzini ajulile. Ukuthunyelwa kobuchwepheshe benkampani kugcizelela ubunjiniyela bamanzi ajulile kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-FPSO, futhi eminyakeni yamuva nje, ibilokhu ikhangisa imishini eyenziwe ngendlela yase-China e-Afrika.

Izinzuzo zezinkampani zaseShayina e-Afrika zitholakala ezindlekweni zazo eziphansi, ukusebenza ngokushesha, isifiso esinamandla sokubambisana nohulumeni bendawo, kanye nokuthekelisa ubuchwepheshe okuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda kanye nokuqeqeshwa okwenziwa ngendlela yendawo. Noma kunjalo, zibhekana nezinselelo ezifana nezingozi zezombangazwe kanye nezingcindezi zokuhambisana nemithetho yezemvelo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izinkampani zaseShayina zishintshe kusuka endleleni "yezinsiza-ngengqalasizinda" zaya ekugxileni kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni okuzinzile kanye namaphrojekthi ahilela i-LNG negesi yemvelo, zakha ubudlelwano obuqedisanayo nabakhulu bamazwe ngamazwe.

Ukukhiqizwa kukaphethiloli negazi lemvelo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwemishini yokuhlukanisa.

I-Shanghai SAGA Offshore Engineering Co., Ltd., eyasungulwa e-Shanghai ngo-2016, iyibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe lesimanje elihlanganisa i-R&D, ukuklama, ukukhiqiza, kanye nenkonzo. Sizinikele ekuthuthukiseni imishini yokuhlukanisa nokuhlunga yemboni kawoyela, igesi, kanye ne-petrochemical. Uhlu lwethu olusebenza kahle kakhulu luhlanganisa ama-hydrocyclone okukhipha uwoyela/amanzi, ama-desander ezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, kanye namayunithi okuhlanganisa. Sihlinzeka ngezixazululo eziphelele ezifakwe ku-skid futhi sinikeza nokulungiswa kwemishini yenkampani yangaphandle kanye nezinsizakalo zangemuva kokuthengisa. Sibambe amapentente amaningi angobunikazi futhi sisebenza ngaphansi kwesistimu yokuphatha eqinisekiswe yi-DNV-GL ISO-9001, ISO-14001, kanye ne-ISO-45001, sihlinzeka ngezixazululo zenqubo ezithuthukisiwe, ukuklama komkhiqizo okunembayo, ukuthobela ngokuqinile imininingwane yobunjiniyela, kanye nokwesekwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza.

I- i-cyclone desanders ephumelela kakhulu, ezaziwa ngesilinganiso sazo esihle kakhulu sokuhlukanisa esingu-98%, zithole ukubuyekezwa okuvela kubaholi bamandla aphesheya kwezilwandle. Zakhiwe ngobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu be-ceramics ekwazi ukumelana nokuguga, lezi zinhlelo zikwazi ukususa 98% wezinhlayiya ezincane njengama-0.5 microns emifudlaneni yegesi. Leli khono lenza ukuthi igesi ekhiqiziwe ingene kabusha ukuze isetshenziswe ekuhlanjululweni okuxubile kumachibi anomhlaba ongafuduki kalula, isixazululo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukubuyiselwa kukaphethiloli ezindaweni eziyinselele. Kungenjalo, zingakwazi ukwelapha amanzi akhiqiziwe, zisuse 98% wezinhlayiya ezinkulu kune-2 microns ukuze zingene kabusha ngqo, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuhlanjululwa ngamanzi ngenkathi kuncishiswa umthelela emvelweni.

Umkhiqizo wethu omusha——I-High Efficiency Ultra-Fine Particle Desanderiyidivayisi yokuhlukanisa uketshezi-okuqinile esebenzisa umgomo ophumelelayo we-centrifugal ukuhlukanisa izinto ezingcolile ezintantayo—njengezinto eziqinile emanzini akhiqiziwe, amanzi olwandle, i-condensate, izinhlayiya ezinhle eketshezini elinamathelayo, kanye nomgubo we-catalyst kuma-reactor—kusuka eketshezini (uketshezi, igesi, noma ukuxubana koketshezi-gesi). Iyasusa kahle izinhlayiya eziqinile ezinosayizi abancane njengama-micron amabili (ngokuphumelela okungu-98%) noma ngaphansi.

I-High Efficiency Ultra-Fine Particle Desanderiletha ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekususeni isihlabathi, ikwazi ukususa izinhlayiya eziqinile ezifika ku-2 microns. Le mishini inendawo encane, ayidingi amandla angaphandle noma izithako zamakhemikhali, futhi inomjikelezo wokuphila cishe weminyaka engu-20. Inikeza amandla okukhipha isihlabathi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza.

Izi-SAGA desanders, eziye zaqinisekiswa emikhakheni emikhulu yomhlaba ephethwe yi-CNOOC, i-CNPC, i-Petronas, nabanye abaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, zisekelwa emapulatifeni emithombo kanye nawokukhiqiza. Zihlinzeka ngokususwa okuthembekile kwezinto eziqinile egazini, uketshezi lomthombo, kanye ne-condensate, futhi zibalulekile ekuhlanzweni kwamanzi olwandle, ekuvikelweni komjikelezo wokukhiqiza, kanye nezinhlelo zokujova/ukugcwalisa amanzi.

Ngaphandle kwama-desander, i-SAGA inikeza iqoqo lobuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa obuqashelwe. Umugqa wemikhiqizo yethu uhlanganisa izinhlelo zembrane zokususa i-CO₂ egazini lemvelo, ama-hydrocyclone okukhipha amafutha, amayunithi okuhlanganisa aqinile asebenza kahle kakhulu (CFUs), ukukhipha isihlabathi egazini le-shale，Iphakethe lokukhipha amanzi nge-cyclonic elokwelapha amanzi akhiqiziwe，kanye ama-hydrocyclone amaningi, ahlinzeka ngezixazululo ezibanzi izinseleleni ezinzima kakhulu zemboni.