Imibiko yasensimini evela ezindaweni zokushaja ngokushesha ze-DC iya ngokuya ichaza iphethini efanayo: intambo yokushaja ye-CCS2 eyayisebenza ngokujwayelekile ku-60 kW iqala ukuncipha, bese iyavalwa, lapho indawo isithuthukiswa yafinyelela ku-150 kW noma ngaphezulu. Abasebenzi bayaqaphela ukuthi igobolondo lesixhumi semoto liyashintsha umbala eduze kwezinti ze-DC, ijazi lentambo lizwakala lifudumele ngokwedlulele ngemva kweseshiyeni semizuzu engamashumi amabili, futhi i-EVSE ibhala ukuphazamiseka kwezinzwa zokushisa okuzicisha ngokwazo. Lezi zimpawu azivamisile ukukhombisa intambo ehlulekile; ngokuvamile zikhombisa ukuhlanganiswa okwakukhethelwe umjikelezo womsebenzi ophansi kunalokho indawo eyikudingayo manje. Kubasebenzi bemikhumbi, ukucishwa ngakunye kokushisa kuyisikhala sokusuka esilahlekile kanye nethikithi losekelo, futhi kubasebenzi bezindawo zokushaja kuba isilinganiso sokuthembeka esithinta ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezivumelwano. Ukushisa ngokwedlulele nakho kunengxenye yokuphepha, ngoba umjikelezo wokushisa ophindaphindiwe usheshisa ukuguga kokuxhumana kanye nokuguga kwe-insulation esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ukuhluleka okubonakalayo. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlola izimbangela ezingokwenyama zokushisa ngokwedlulele entambeni yokushaja ye-CCS2, bese ubeka amaphuzu okukhetha okufanele abathengi be-B2B nonjiniyela baqinisekise ngawo ngaphambi kokuyalela.

Noma yimuphi umthengi ocacisa ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 kufanele afunde ukwehluleka kwensimu njengombuzo wokuklama hhayi isici sokukhiqiza, ngoba ukuziphatha okushisayo kokuhlanganiswa kucacisiwe kudala ngaphambi kokuba isikhathi sokuqala siqale. Ikhebula elilinganiselwe ku-200 A okuqhubekayo ngeke liziphathe njengekhebula elilinganiselwe ku-200 A ephezulu, futhi ishaja eletha ugesi ngezikhathi ezimfushane iphatha umgudla omncane ngendlela ehluke kakhulu kuleyo eletha umthwalo oqhubekayo imizuzu engamashumi amane. Impendulo efanele akuvamisile ukuba ikhebula elikhudlwana lodwa; ukuhlanganiswa okugudla, isivikelo, ukufakwa kwensimbi yesixhumi, kanye nochungechunge lokuzwa kuhambisana nomjikelezo wangempela womsebenzi weshaja kanye nezimo zendawo yesayithi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu le ndatshana igxile ekushajeni okusheshayo kwe-DC ebangeni lika-50–350 kW nezixhumi ze-CCS2 Combo 2, lapho imikhawulo yokushisa iba umkhawulo obophayo ekuklameni. Ingxoxo isuka ekuxhumaneni kwesixhumi iye ngaphandle iye emzimbeni wekhebula, ijakethi, kanye nochungechunge lokuzwa izinga lokushisa, futhi iphetha ngemininingwane yokuthenga enquma ukuthi isicaciso siyaqhubeka yini kuze kufike ezimpahleni ezilethiwe. Abathengi abafuna isithombe esibanzi somkhiqizo bangabuyekeza i-IMIKHIKIZOikhasi ngaphambi kokusebenza ngamaphuzu obuchwepheshe angezansi.

Ukushisa kwekhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 kuvela ezindaweni ezimbili: endaweni yokuxhumana ngaphakathi kwesixhumi, kanye nomgudu kazibuthe ogxile ebudeni bekhebula. Endaweni yokuxhumana, ukumelana kuncike ekwakhekeni kwezinaliti, amandla ajwayelekile okuthinta, kanye nokufakwa kwengaphezulu, futhi kuyakhula njengoba isixhumi siqongelela imijikelezo yokuhlangana, ukungcola, kanye nokugqwala okuhambayo. Ukufakwa kwesiliva kunikeza ukumelana okuphansi kokuxhumana kodwa kuthambile futhi kuguga ngokushesha ngaphansi kokuhlangana okuvamile, kuyilapho ukufakwa kwethini kungamelana namaphethini athile okuguga kangcono ngezindleko zokumelana okuphezulu kancane. Noma kuyiphi indlela, isifundo esisebenzayo siwukuthi isixhumi esilinganiselwe ku-350 A lapho sisha sha singase sikhuphuke ngokumelana ngemva kwezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zemijikelezo, futhi lokho kukhuphuka kuguqulwa ngqo kube ama-watts okushisa endaweni eshisa kakhulu yokuhlanganisa. Ngenxa yokuthi indawo yokuxhumana incane, ngisho nokwanda okuncane kokumelana kukhiqiza indawo eshisa yendawo okungakaze kuyibonise umzimba wekhebula. Yingakho ukushintsha kombala ezinalitini ze-DC ngokuvamile kwandulela noma yiluphi ushintsho olukalekayo ekushiseni kwengaphezulu kwekhebula.

Kuma-cable body, ukushisa kwe-Joule kukhula ngokulingana nesikwele samandla kagesi, ngakho umehluko phakathi kuka-200 A no-350 A awukona ukwanda okungu-75% kokushisa kodwa cishe ukwanda okuphindwe kathathu. Isigaba esiphambanayo somqhubi kufanele sikhethwe ngokulingana namandla kagesi aqhubekayo alindelekile hhayi iphakeme ye-nameplate yeshaja, futhi i-IEC 62893-4-1:2020 ibeka izidingo zokwakhiwa kwekhebula nezokuhlola zamakhebula okushaja ezisiza abathengi ukuqhathanisa abahlinzeki ngendlela efanayo. Iphethini yokuhlanganisa ibalulekile futhi, njengoba izintambo ezicolekile zithuthukisa ukuguquguquka kodwa zinganciphisa indawo esebenzayo yokuhambisa ugesi uma umklamo ucindezelwa ukonga isisindo. Izinto zokuvikela nokugqoka zibe sezinquma ukuthi lokho kushisa kuphuma ngokushesha kangakanani: i-polyethylene exhumene ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu omqhubi, kuyilapho i-polyurethane ye-thermoplastic ngokuvamile inikeza ukumelana okungcono nokuhuzuka nokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kokufakwa kwangaphandle. Ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 elakhiwe kahle lilinganisa lezi zici esikhundleni sokuthuthukisa eyodwa yazo kuphela. Ngakho-ke abathengi kufanele bacele usayizi womqhubi, uhlobo lokuvikela, kanye nesilinganiso sokushisa njengeqoqo, hhayi njengezinto ezihlukene zomugqa.

Ukuzwa izinga lokushisa kuyisendlalelo sokuphepha esixhumanisa ikhebula nesishaja. I-IEC 62196-3:2022 ichaza izidingo zesixhumi sokushaja se-DC, futhi emiklamweni esebenzayo ye-CCS2 i-thermistor eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ye-NTC ihlala eduze kwezixhumanisi zamandla e-DC futhi ibika ku-EVSE, ehlisa izinga noma imise isikhathi lapho kwedlulwa umkhawulo othile. Yingakho ukushisa ngokweqile kuvame ukuvela kuqala njengokuncipha kwesivinini sokushaja kunokuba kube umonakalo obonakalayo, futhi yingakho ikhebula elingenawo izinzwa ezihambisana ngendlela efanele lingaphasa ukuhlolwa kwetafula kodwa lihluleke emkhakheni. Izici zokwehlisa izinga ziyayikhulisa inkinga: ikhebula eliboshwe kukhabhathi, elihamba ngesakhiwo esishisayo, noma elichayeke emazingeni aphezulu okushisa endawo lingase lidinge isigaba esikhulu kunalelo khebula elifanayo emoyeni ovulekile. Umsebenzi oqhubekayo nomsebenzi ongaphathekile kufanele futhi kuhlukaniswe encazelweni, ngoba izinga elitholakala ekuqhumeni okufushane akufanele lisetshenziswe eqenjini elishaja ngokulandelana usuku lonke. Lapho isiza sisebenza endaweni enesimo sezulu esishisayo ngaphandle kwesembozo, umehluko phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lomqhubi elilinganisiwe nelangempela ungase unciphe kakhulu.

Isinqumo sokuqala yizinga lamanje, futhi kufanele senziwe ngokuqhathanisa nokukhishwa kweshaja kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi wesayithi kunokuba kuqhathaniswe nenombolo eyodwa eyisihloko. Ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 elingu-200 A lifanele izishaja eziningi ezingama-120–150 kW, kuyilapho ama-assembly angu-250 A no-350 A ngokuvamile ahlanganiswa nemishini ekhipha amandla aphezulu, futhi izinga lomkhiqizi eliqhubekayo kufanele liqinisekiswe ngokubhaliwe. Ubude bekhebula bese buhlangana nakho kokubili ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kwengcindezi yokushisa: ukuhamba okude kwengeza ukumelana nokwehla kwamandla kagesi, futhi kushintsha nendlela ukushisa okusatshwa ngayo kuyo yonke i-assembly nokuthi ikhebula lichayeka kangakanani elangeni noma ekuhuzukeni. Abathengi kufanele babale ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kumandla ahlosiwe futhi baqinisekise ukuthi usayizi womqhubi ovelayo usahlangabezana nemikhawulo yokuphela kwesixhumi. Kubalulekile ngokufanayo ukuhlola ukuthi ubude obushiwo bulinganiswa ngamaphoyinti ayireferensi afanayo kubo bonke abahlinzeki, ngoba umehluko wendlela isixhumi esibalwa ngayo ungashintsha ubude obusebenzayo ngamashumi amasentimitha.

I-Conductor material iwukuhwebelana kunokuba kube ukukhetha okuzenzakalelayo. I-Copper inikeza ukuhamba kukagesi okuphezulu futhi iyisinqumo esivamile samaqembu e-DC anamandla aphezulu, kuyilapho i-aluminium inciphisa isisindo futhi ingafaneleka emizileni emide lapho isisindo sibalulekile, inqobo nje uma izixhumanisi zenzelwe yona futhi ububanzi obukhulu bamukelekile. Ohlangothini lwesixhumi, i-CCS2 Combo 2 geometry, izinga lendlela yokukhiya, kanye nokufakwa kwe-plating konke kuthonya ukuziphatha kwe-thermal yesikhathi eside, futhi ukukhethwa kwe-plating kufanele kuhambisane nemvamisa yokuhlangana isayithi eliyilindele. I-Silver plating isekela ukumelana okuphansi emiklamweni yamandla aphezulu, i-tin plating ingabekezelela izinhlobo ezithile zokuguga, futhi isinqumo kufanele sisekelwe idatha yokuhlola yomhlinzeki hhayi ngokuthanda kuphela. Imininingwane yemishini ifanele ukuhlolwa ngendlela efanayo, ngoba indlela yokukhiya ehlala ngendlela engafani idala ukuxhumana okuyingxenye kanye nokushisa kwendawo okungeke kukwazi ukunxeshezelwa yinoma yisiphi isicaciso sekhebula. Ukucela idatha yemijikelezo yokuhlangana kanye nedatha kagesi kunikeza isithombe esicacile sokuthi i-assembly izoziphatha kanjani ngemva kweminyaka emibili isebenza.

Indwangu yejakhethi inquma ukuthi ikhebula lisisinda kanjani endaweni yalo. Ukumelana nokuhuzuka kubalulekile lapho amakhebula ahudulwa kukhonkolo, ukuguquguquka ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi kubalulekile ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla ezindaweni ezibandayo, futhi ukuzinza kwe-UV kubalulekile kunoma yikuphi ukufakwa okungenalo uphahla, futhi lezi zidingo ezintathu ngezinye izikhathi zidonsela ezinhlanganisweni ezihlukene. Ubufakazi bokugunyazwa yisihlungi sokugcina: ukumaka kwe-CE, izimemezelo ze-RoHS, nemibiko yokuhlola ebhekisela ku-IEC 62196-3 kunika umthengi into angayihlola, futhi umhlinzeki ongakwazi ukukhiqiza lokhu uyingozi kungakhathalekile izinga lesampula. Onjiniyela abafuna ukubona ukuthi lezi zidingo zisingathwa kanjani ekukhiqizeni bangabuyekezaUcwaningo Nokuthuthukiswa ikhasi, elichaza izinyathelo zenqubo kanye nezitifiketi ezihambisana nazo. Kubuye kusize ukucacisa izimo zokugcina nokuphatha ezilindelekile edepho, ngoba ijakhethi ekhethelwe isimo sezulu esithambile ingase iqhekeke uma intambo isongwa ngaphandle phakathi nobusika obubandayo. Ukubhala lezi zimo encwadini yokucacisa ukuthenga kuvikela izinhlangothi zombili lapho kuphakama umbuzo wesiqinisekiso.

I-ANHUI BONWAY IMP. & EXP. CO., LTD. isebenza njengendlu yokuthengisa ngaphandle kwezinto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, hhayi njengemboni yokukhiqiza, okusho ukuthi ama-oda afakwa emafemini asebenzisana nawo ahloliwe futhi aphethwe ngenqubo yethu yokuhlola nokubhala imibhalo. Le modeli inikeza abathengi ukufinyelela kumakhandlela amaningi okushaja e-CCS2 ngaphandle kokuzibophezela emshinini wemboni eyodwa, futhi igcina ubudlelwano bezentengiselwano, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi, kanye namaphepha endaweni eyodwa. Amanani amancane oda ngokuvamile aqala ku-50–100 amaqephu ngokulungiselelwa ngakunye, futhi ama-oda ahlanganisiwe kuma-current ratings nobude kungaxoxwa ngawo lapho umthamo uwonke usekela ukukhiqizwa. Isikhathi sokuhola ngokuvamile siyizinsuku ezingamaviki amane kuya kwesithupha ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa kwe-oda, kanti izinga eliphezulu lisebenza kubude obukhethekile, imibala yejakethi, noma ukumaka kwelebula yangasese. Ngakho-ke abathengi abahlela ukusatshalaliswa kwesizinda kufanele baqinisekise ukulandelana kokulethwa kusenesikhathi, ukuze iqoqo lokuqala lifike ngaphambi kwezisebenzi zokufaka hhayi kanye nazo.

Idokhumenti zithathwa njengengxenye yomkhiqizo. Ukuthunyelwa ngakunye kungafaka imibiko yokuhlolwa kukagesi nokushisa, isitifiketi sokuvumelana, izimemezelo zezinto ze-RoHS, kanye nohlu lokupakisha oluxhumanisa amabhokisi nezinombolo zamaqoqo, futhi ukuhlolwa kokungena emkhakathini wemboni kurekhodwa ngokubhekisela kuzinombolo zamaqoqo afanayo. Ukulandelelwa kwamaqoqo kubaluleke kakhulu lapho isiza sibika okungajwayelekile, ngoba kuvumela isikhathi esithile sokukhiqiza ukuthi sikhombe futhi siqhathaniswe namasampula agciniwe. Abathengi abadinga ukubuyekeza ububanzi bemikhiqizo yenkampani nezincwadi zayo zokufaneleka ngaphambi kokucela idokhumenti bangaqala ngeMAYELANA NATHIikhasi, futhi izidingo ezikhethekile zingaphakanyiswa nge-Okukhethekileikhasi. Lapho iphrojekthi idinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, njengokuhamba kwe-thermal cycling endaweni eshiwo ye-ambient temperature, kufanele kuvunyelwane ngakho ngokubhaliwe ngaphambi kokuba ukukhiqiza kuqale esikhundleni sokucela ngemuva kokuba izimpahla sezipakiwe.

Ukuze sisuke encazelweni yezicaciso siye kwisilinganiso sentengo, sicela wabelane ngemininingwane emithathu: izinga lamanje elidingekayo (isibonelo, 200 A noma 350 A), ubude kwekhebula oludingayo, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lesixhumi semoto yi-CCS2. Imininingwane eyengeziwe njengezinga lokushisa lendawo okulindelekile, ukuthi ikhebula lizoboshwa noma lilahleke ngokukhululekile, kanye nokukhipha okuqhubekayo kweshaja kuzosiza siqinisekise ukuhambisana esikhundleni sokumane siqhathanise inombolo yengxenye. Ngalokho okufakiwe sizokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana, sisho isikhathi sokuhola sokuhlelwa, futhi sinikeze isilinganiso sentengo kanye nemibhalo yezobuchwepheshe efanele. Ukuthumela isithombe sesixhumi esikhona kanye nanoma yisiphi isampula ehlulekile nakho kuyasiza, ngoba ngokuvamile kuveza ukuthi inkinga iwukungafani kwezinga noma iphethini yokuguga ezindaweni zokuxhumana. Uma iphrojekthi yakho ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zamashaja, zibale ndawonye futhi sizokhomba lapho incazelo yekhebula elilodwa lokushaja le-CCS2 ingasebenza khona ezindaweni ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Ukushisa ngokweqile ngokuvamile kuvela ekungafanini phakathi kwesilinganiso esiqhubekayo sekhebula kanye nomjikelezo wangempela wokusebenza kweshaja, kuhlangene nokumelana kokuxhumana endaweni yokuxhuma. Ukushisa kwe-Joule kukhuphuka ngesikwele samandla okugijima, ngakho ukuthuthukisa isiza sisuka ku-150 kW siye ku-350 kW cishe kuphindwe kathathu ukushisa okukhiqizwa kuyo leyo conductor efanayo. Izinga lokushisa lendawo, ukuhlanganiswa, kanye nemijikelezo yokuhlangana eqongelelile konke kunciphisa ithuba elisele.

Fanisa isilinganiso nomphumela oqhubekayo weshaja esikhundleni sesibalo sayo esiphezulu, futhi uqinisekise isilinganiso esiqhubekayo ngokubhaliwe. Ikhebula yokushaja ye-CCS2 engu-200 A ifanele amashaja amaningi angu-120–150 kW, kuyilapho amaqoqo angu-250 A no-350 A abhangqwa nemishini enomphumela ophezulu. Iziza ezishaja ngokulandelana kufanele zicacise umsebenzi oqhubekayo esikhundleni somsebenzi ophazamisekayo.

Yebo, ubude bunezela ukumelana nokwehla kwamandla kagesi, futhi kushintsha nendlela ukushisa okusatshazwa ngayo kulo lonke uhlangothi. Ukuhamba okude kungase kudinga umgudu omkhulu ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle kanye nezinga lokushisa lomgudu ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo. Qinisekisa ukuthi umhlinzeki ulinganisa ubude ngokwamaphuzu ayireferensi afanayo nawe owasebenzisayo.

Izinzwa ze-NTC ngaphakathi kwesixhumi se-CCS2 ziseduze nezixhumo ze-DC futhi zibika ku-EVSE, eyenza isikhathi sokushaja sehle ngokushesha lapho kusondela emkhawulweni. Ngenxa yokuthi isinzwa siphendula endaweni eshisayo yendawo, ijazi langaphandle lingase lizwe lilingana. Ngakho-ke ukwehla kwejubane lokushaja kuyisixwayiso sokuqala okufanele kuphenywe.

Iplatingi yesiliva inikeza ukumelana nokuxhumana okuphansi kodwa ithambile futhi iguga ngokushesha lapho ihlangana kaningi, kuyilapho iplatingi yethini ingamelana namaphethini athile okuguga ngokumelana okuphezulu kancane. Ukukhetha okufanele kuncike emvamiseni yokuhlangana kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi. Cela idatha yokuhlola ehlanganisa kokubili izixhumi ezintsha nezijikelezisiwe.

Bheka ukwakhiwa kwekhebula nokuhlolwa okuhambisana ne-IEC 62893-4-1:2020 kanye nezidingo zesixhumi ezichazwe ku-IEC 62196-3:2022, kanye nokumakwa kwe-CE nezimemezelo ze-RoHS. Imibiko yokuhlola ebhekisela kulezi zindinganiso inikeza abathengi into eqondile abangayihlola. Umhlinzeki ongakwazi ukuzinikeza ubonisa ingozi yokuthenga.

Inani elincane loku-oda ngokuvamile liqala kuma-50–100 amapheshana ngokuhlelwa ngakunye, kuye ngesilinganiso samanje nobude. Ama-oda axubile ahlanganisa izilinganiso ezimbalwa angaxoxwa lapho umthamo uwonke usekela ukukhiqizwa. Yabelana ngesidingo sakho sonyaka esilindelekile ukuze ukuhlelwa kuhlelwe ngokunengqondo.

Isikhathi sokulinda ngokuvamile siyizinsuku ezingamaviki amane kuya kwesithupha ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa komyalo, kanti izinga eliphezulu lisebenza kubude obukhethekile, imibala yejakethi, noma ukumaka kwelebula yangasese. Ukulungiswa kwemibhalo kuhamba kanyekanye nokukhiqizwa. Qinisekisa ukulandelana kokulethwa kusenesikhathi uma amaqembu okufaka esefakwe ohlelweni.

Ukuthunyelwa kungafaka imibiko yokuhlolwa kukagesi nokushisa, isitifiketi sokuvumelana, izimemezelo zezinto ze-RoHS, kanye nohlu lokupakisha oluhlanganisa amabhokisi nezinombolo zamaqoqo. Ukulandelelwa kwamaqoqo kuvumela isikhathi esithile sokukhiqiza ukuthi siqhathaniswe namasampula agciniwe uma isiza sibika okungavamile.

Yebo, ukwenza ngendlela eyenzelwe umuntu kungafaka ubude, umbala wejakhethi, ukumaka kwe-private-label, nokuhlelwa kwezixhumi, kuncike enanini loku-oda kanye nohlelo lokuhlolwa okuvunyelwene ngalo. Noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, njengokuhamba kwe-thermal cycling endaweni eshiwo ye-ambient temperature, kufanele kuvunyelwane ngakho ngaphambi kokuba ukukhiqiza kuqale. Thumela isilinganiso sakho samanje, ubude bekhebula, nokuqinisekiswa kwe-CCS2 ukuze uqale ukubuyekezwa.