isiZulu
Intambo Yokushaja ye-CCS2: Ukukhetha Okupholile Ngomoya vs Okupholile Ngamanzi
Kwadalwa ngo 11.03
Ikhebula Lokushaja le-CCS2: Ukukhetha Okuphehlwa Ngumoya vs Okuphehlwa Ngamanzi
Kungani Ukukhethwa Kwekhebula Lokushaja le-CCS2 Kwehluleka Ngaphambi Kokuba Ukufakwa Kuqale
Izinkinga eziningi zokuthenga ngentambo yokushaja ye-CCS2 aziqali eshajini; ziqala ephepheni lokucacisa. Umthengi uqhathanisa intambo ecashuniwe nokukhipha okulinganiselwe kweshaja, iphepha ledatha yokungena kwemoto, kanye nohlelo lwendawo, bese ecabanga ukuthi lezi zinombolo ezintathu zichaza isimo sokusebenza esifanayo. Empeleni, umsinga weshaja ungaphezulu, ukulinganiselwa kokungena kwemoto kungumkhawulo wengxenye, futhi akukho kulezi zitatimende ezimbili okusho lutho mayelana nezinga lokushisa lendawo, ubude bentambo, noma umsebenzi oqhubekayo. Lapho lezi zinto ezintathu zokufaka zingafani, uphawu lokuqala ngokuvamile umzimba wesixhumi ofudumele noma ijazi lentambo elithambile ekushiseni kwasehlobo, hhayi ukwehluleka okusheshayo. Onjiniyela babe sebethola ukuthi intambo yayiklanyelwe ukuhlolwa kwesikhashana kwetafula hhayi umjikelezo wokushaja omude, ophindaphindiwe. Le ndatshana ibeka indlela yokuqhathanisa amadizayini apholile emoyeni napholiswa nguketshezi ukuze intambo oyioda ihambisane neshaja, imoto, kanye nendawo ezohlala kuyo.
Ukwehluleka kwesibili okuvamile ukuthatha ubude bekhebula njengemininingwane yezentengiselwano esikhundleni sokuthi kube eyogesi. Ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 elide kunezela ukumelana komqhubi, okuguqula amandla kube ukushisa phakathi nokuhamba futhi kunciphise i-voltage empeleni efinyelela imoto. Esifundeni sokushaja ngokushesha kwe-DC lokhu kubonakala njengokwehliswa kwamandla, ukuphuma kokuvikela ukushisa, noma ishaja engalokothi ifinyelele umsinga wayo okhushunyezwa ngawo. Esifundeni sokushaja se-AC umphumela mncane ngemitha ngayinye kodwa usabaleka kukho konke ukufakwa kwendawo yokupaka ende. Abathengi abacacisa ubude ukuze bafinyelele imoto ngokukhululekile bavame ukugcina bekhethe ikhebula elide ngogesi kunalokho ishaja engakusekela. Impendulo esebenzayo ukunikeza umhlinzeki kokubili imfuneko yogesi nokufinyelela komshini, bese kuvunyelwa ukuthi isigaba somqhubi kanye nendlela yokupholisa kuqinisekiswe ndawonye.
Indlela Ikhebula Lokushaja le-CCS2 Ehlanganisa Ngayo Oxhumana ne-Type 2 AC Namaphini e-DC
I-connector ye-Combined Charging System Type 2 ichazwe ku-IEC 62196-3, echaza ukuxhumana kwemishini nogesi kuma-coupler okushaja e-DC. Ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 lithwala oxhumana nabo abayisikhombisa be-Type 2 abasetshenziselwa ukushaja nge-AC, okuyi-line, i-neutral, i-protective earth, i-control pilot ne-proximity pilot, bese yengeza izikhonkwane ezimbili ezinkulu zamandla e-DC ngaphansi kwazo. Oxhumana nabo be-AC baphethe indlela yeshaja esemotweni ngamandla amancane, kuyilapho izikhonkwane ezimbili ze-DC zithwala wonke amandla okushaja okusheshayo ngqo ebhethrini. Ngenxa yokuthi zombili lezi zindlela zabelana ngendlu eyodwa kanye ne-assembly yekhebula elilodwa, ukuziphatha kokushisa kwezikhonkwane ze-DC kuhamba phambili ekwakhiweni kwekhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 elinamandla aphezulu. Abaqhubi be-control pilot ne-proximity pilot bangizingo zezinga lesignali, kodwa ukuhlukaniswa kwabo nokuvikelwa kwabo kusabalulekile ekuthembekeni kokuxhumana eduze kwabaqhubi bamandla aphezulu. Ukuqonda lokhu kwehlukaniswa kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekufundeni i-datasheet yomhlinzeki ngokujulile esikhundleni sokuqhathanisa izibalo zamanje kuphela.
Usayizi wekhondaktha, into yokuhlukanisa, kanye nendlela yokupholisa kuhlangene kunquma ukuthi i-assembly ingathwala kangakanani umsinga oqhubekayo ezingeni lokushisa lendawo elinikeziwe. Isigaba esiphambanayo sethusi sibeka ukumelana okuyisisekelo, futhi ukumelana kubeka ukushisa okukhiqizwayo ngemitha ngamunye kumsinga onikeziwe. Izinto zokuhlukanisa nejakethi zibeka ukuthi kungakanani kwalokho kushisa okungaphuma nokuthi into yokwenza kanjani lapho isifudumele; amakhebula ochungechunge lwe-IEC 62893 avame ukubhekiselwa kuwo ekwakhiweni kwekhebula lokushaja le-EV. Idizayini yetheminali kusixhumi nayo ibalulekile, ngoba i-IEC 62196-1 ichaza ukukhuphuka kokushisa okuvumelekile endaweni yokuxhumana, futhi i-crimp eyenziwe kahle ingabaluleka njengoba kunjalo ngesikwele esengeziwe sethusi. Yingakho ama-assembly amabili ekhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 anezinga elifanayo lomsinga okhulunywayo angaziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu ngosuku olushisayo endaweni ematasa. Ukuqhathanisa okuqotho akusona isibalo esisodwa se-amperage kodwa ijika lesilinganiso elixhumene nezinga lokushisa lendawo kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi.
Amadizayini Aphehlwa Ngumoya
Ama-air-cooled CCS2 charging cable assemblies ancike emkhakheni we-conductor kanye nendawo engaphezulu ukukhipha ukushisa emoyeni ozungezile. Ayisimo esilula kunazo zonke, esilula futhi esiguquguqukayo, futhi afanele ukushaja kwe-AC kanye namazinga aphakathi nendawo e-DC power lapho ugesi uthwalwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho indlela ye-coolant, ikhebula alinapompo, alinazixhumi, futhi alinakho ukulungiswa okuvamile kwesekethe yokupholisa. Okushintshanayo ukuthi ugesi onikezwa yi-cross-section ethile wehla njengoba izinga lokushisa lendawo likhuphuka, ngakho ikhebula elisebenza kahle esimweni sezulu esipholile lingase lidinge ukwehliswa kwamandla endaweni eshisayo evaliwe noma endaweni evulekile elangeni. Amadizayini e-air-cooled nawo avame ukuqina njengoba usayizi we-conductor ukhula, okuthinta ukuphathwa kwabashayeli kanye nehardware yokuphatha ikhebula yabaqhubi. Ezingxenyeni ezinamandla aphakathi nendawo nokugeleza komoya okufanele, ngokuvamile ayisimo sokuqala uminjiniyela asicabangayo.
Amadizayini Aphehlwa Ngamanzi
Ama-assemblies ekhebula lokushaja e-CCS2 apholile ngoketshezi ajikelezisa into epholile ngamashaneli angaphakathi kwekhebula noma ngejakethi elizungeze abaholi, asusa ukushisa endaweni yomhlambi wabaholi esikhundleni sokulinda ukuthi kuphume nge-insulation. Lokho kuvumela isigaba esincane somhlambi ukuthi sithwale umsinga ophezulu oqhubekayo, okugcina ikhebula lilula futhi kulula ukuliphatha emandleni aphezulu. Izindleko ziwela ebunkimbinkimbi: amapayipi oketshezi olupholile, iphampu, indawo yokugcina uketshezi, izixhumi nezingxenye zokuvimbela ukuvuza okufanele zihlolwe ukuthi azivuzi, kanye nohlelo lokunakekela umqhubi wesiza okufanele alulandele. Ukupholisa ngoketshezi ngokuvamile kucatshangelwa ekushajeni kwe-DC kwamandla aphezulu lapho umsinga oqhubekayo uyisihloko esiyinhloko sokuklama futhi isisindo sekhebula siyinkinga yangempela yokusebenza kahle komsebenzisi. Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukupholisa ngoketshezi akususi isidingo sokuvikelwa kokushisa endaweni yokuxhumana yesixhumi. Ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 elipholiswe ngoketshezi lincike ekucindezelweni okulungile kwamatheminali nasekuxhumaneni okuhlanzekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ze-IEC 62196-1.
Amaphuzu Okukhetha Oda Yekhebula Lokushaja le-CCS2
Isilinganiso Samanje kanye Nomjikelezo Womsebenzi
Qala ngokukhishwa kwamanje okuqhubekayo kweshaja esikhundleni sesimangalo sayo esiphezulu, bese usho umjikelezo wokusebenza isayithi ezosebenza ngawo ngempela. Ikhebula elilinganiselwe umkhawulo wesikhashana aliyona into efanayo nomkhiqizo olinganiselwe amaseshini aphindaphindiwe alandelanayo endaweni ephithizelayo yomgwaqo. Buza umhlinzeki ngesisekelo sokulinganisa, kuhlanganise nezinga lokushisa lendawo okubhekiselwa kulo kanye nezinga okumiswa ngalo ukulinganisa. Uma isayithi sisebenza emazingeni aphezulu okushisa noma elangeni ngqo, cela ulwazi lokwehlisa umthamo ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa i-oda. Umjikelezo wokusebenza uphinde ushayele ukuguga kwesixhumi, ngakho indawo enamajikelezo amaningi ingase idinge ukukhululeka kwengcindezi okungcono kanye ne-nut yokuxhuma eqinile esikhundleni sethusi eliningi. Ukurekhoda lezi zinombolo ezimbili kusenesikhathi kugwema ukuphinda kucaciswe ikhebula ngemva kokuhlolwa kokuqala kokusebenza.
Ubude Bekhebula kanye Nokwehla Kwevoltheji
Ubude kufanele bucaciswe ngamamitha wokuhlanganisa okuphelile, kukalwa ngomzila wekhebula hhayi ngaphesheya kwendawo yokupaka. Abathengi kufanele banikeze umhlinzeki ibanga elidingekayo kanye nokwehla kwamandla kagesi okuphezulu okwamukelekayo, ukuze usayizi wekhondaktha nobude kuhlanganyelwe ngokufanele. Ekushajeni kwe-DC, ukuhamba okude kungadudula ukuhlanganisa ngaphandle kwemingcele yokushisa yendlela yokupholisa ekhethiwe. Ekushajeni kwe-AC, ukuhamba okude kwandisa i-impedance yekhondaktha yomhlaba, okubalulekile ekuxhumaniseni kokuvikela. Lapho ubude bungakacaci, buza ukwehla kwamandla kagesi ngemitha ngayinye kumandla okukhomba bese ubala ukusuka lapho. Ukuqhathanisa izinketho zekhebula ngokusebenzisa i-IMIKHIBO uhlu luyindlela esebenzayo yokubona ukuthi ubude obuhlukene namazinga amanje akhombiswa kanjani.
Izinga Lesixhumi Nokuhambisana Kwemoto
Qinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi sokungena semoto sihambisana ne-CCS2 interface njengoba kuchazwe ku-IEC 62196-3 nokuthi i-latch geometry iyafana ne-coupler ohlose ukuyioda. Amazinga ahambisanayo awasoloko esho ukuthi ama-mechanical tolerances ayafana, futhi i-latch eqinile kakhulu noma exhambile kakhulu iba inkinga ye-warranty esizeni. Abathengi abangenisa ezimakethe ezinohlelo lwabo lokulawula kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi i-assembly yamukelwa uhlaka lokugunyaza lwasekhaya. Ukunikeza umhlinzeki uhlu lwemodeli yemoto noma umdwebo we-inlet kunciphisa kakhulu umjikelezo wokuqinisekisa. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuhlola ukuthi i-cable configuration efanayo ngeke isetshenziswe ngokushintshana kuma-brand e-charger angahambisani.
Ukuvikelwa Kwemvelo Nokuqina Kwemishini
Izindawo zokushaja zangaphandle ziveza ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 emisebeni yelanga, emvuleni, othulini, usawoti kanye nokuhamba kwezimoto, ngakho isilinganiso se-IP sodwa asiyona incazelo ephelele yokufaneleka. Buza ukuthi ukuxhumana, isivalo sekhebula kanye nokudambisa ukucindezela kuvinjelwa kanjani, nokuthi ingabe ukuhlanganiswa kuye kwahlolwa ngemuva kwemijikelezo yokuxhumana ephindwayo. Abathengi bezindawo ezibandayo kufanele futhi bahlole ukuguquguquka kwejazi emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngoba ijazi eliqinile liba isikhalazo sokuphatha ebusika. Ukuqina komshini kuhlanganisa ukumelana nokushayelwa phezu kwalo, ngakho ukulawulwa kwekhebula kanye nomklamo wokudambisa ukucindezela kufanele kube yingxenye yesinqumo sokuthenga. Le mininingwane ivamise ukubonakala emdwebeni wasefekthri, ngakho yicela ngaphambi kokuba i-oda liqedwe.
Amadokhumenti Okugunyazwa
Funa imibiko yokuhlolwa nezitifiketi ezisebenza ekuhlelweni okuqondile okufakwayo, hhayi kumodeli efanayo. Izinkomba ezifanele zihlanganisa i-IEC 62196 yesixhumi sokuxhuma, i-IEC 62893 yentambo yokushaja, kanye nemibhalo yophawu lwe-CE lapho umkhiqizo ufakwa emakethe yase-EU. Lapho umhlinzeki ethi unegunya le-TUV noma elinye igunya lenkampani yangaphandle, cela inombolo yesitifiketi kanye nobubanzi esikuhlanganisayo. Imibhalo kufanele isho imodeli, isilinganiso samanje, kanye nobubanzi bobude obuhloliwe. Ifayela elibala ukuhlelwa okuhlukile aliyona ubufakazi bokuhlela kwakho, noma ngabe ikhasi elingaphambili libukeka lihle kangakanani.
Ukufanisa Ikhebula Namandla Wokushaja Nezimo Zendawo
Isinyathelo sokugcina sokukhetha ukuhlola ikhebula uma liqhathaniswa nesigaba samandla seshaja kanye nesimo sangempela sokupholisa sendawo. Ishaja ekw Lage ukugcina umkhiqizo ogcwele kukhabethe elivaliwe izocindezela ikhebula ngendlela ehlukile kuleyo eyehlisa amandla ekushiseni. Izimo zendawo zibandakanya nezingxenyekazi zokuphatha ikhebula, ngoba umhlangano osindayo opholiswa nguketshezi udinga uhlelo lokusekela olulinganiselwe isisindo sawo kanye nobubanzi bokugoba. Abasebenzi abaqhuba izimoto ezixubile kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi incazelo eyodwa yekhebula ingasebenza kuyo yonke indawo kunokudala isitokwe sezingxenye ezingahambisani. Ukubuyekeza indlela yokukhiqiza nokuhlola echazwe ku-Ucwaningo Nokuthuthukiswa ikhasi lisiza abathengi ukwahlulela ukuthi yimiphi imibuzo yedizayini umphakeli angayiphendula ngempela.
Imininingwane Yokuhlinzeka evela ku-ANHUI BONWAY IMP. & EXP. CO., LTD.
I-ANHUI BONWAY IMP. & EXP. CO., LTD. isebenza njengenkampani yokuthekelisa esebenza namafektri angabambisani ahlolwe kunokuba ibe yindawo eyodwa yokukhiqiza. Leso sakhiwo sivumela abathengi ukuthi bahlanganise izinto eziningana zekhebula namathuluzi emkhakheni owodwa wokuthunyelwa ngenkathi ukukhiqizwa ngakunye kuhlala kunomlingani okhethekile kukho. Inani elincane loku-oda nesikhathi sokuhola kuqinisekiswa ngokwesakhiwo sekhebula ngasinye, ngoba ukuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile kokupholisa umoya nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla aphezulu okupholisa uketshezi akuhlanganyeli isheduli yokukhiqiza. Abathengi bathola iphepha ledatha, imibiko yokuhlolwa etholakalayo nezitifiketi lapho kusebenza khona, kanye nohlu lokupakisha oluhamba nokuthunyelwa. Emisebenzini enezidingo ezithile zokumaka noma zokupakisha, inqubo ingaxoxwa ngayo nge-Kwenziwe ngokwezifisoikhasi lesevisi. Isendlalelo senkampani ngokujwayelekile nomkhiqizo sifingqiwe ku-MAYELANA NATHIikhasi.
Isinyathelo Esilandelayo: Qinisekisa Ukucaciswa Kwekhebula Lakho Lokushaja le-CCS2
Faka okokufaka okuthathu futhi ukucaciswa komsebenzi kuba lula: izinga lamanje eliqhubekayo leshaja, ubude bekhebula eliqediwe oludingayo, kanye nezinga lesixhumi semoto noma umdwebo wendawo yokungena. Engeza ububanzi bezinga lokushisa lendawo kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi uma zaziwa, ngoba lezi zinto ezimbili zinquma ukuthi ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 elipholiswa ngumoya noma elipholiswa nguketshezi liyindawo efanele yokuqala. Sizofanisa lokho kokufaka nokuhlelwa okutholakalayo, siqinisekise i-MOQ eqondene nokuhlelwa kanye nesikhathi sokuhola, bese sibuyisela inketho efanele kanye nesilinganiso sentengo. Uma iphrojekthi idinga ukulebula kwangasese noma ifomethi ethile yokupakisha, shono lokho kumyalezo ofanayo ukuze kube nenani elibekwe ngokuphelele. Kusukela ku-IKHASI LASEKHAYA ikhasi linikeza umbono jikelele wezigaba ezitholakalayo kuma-oda ahlanganisiwe. Umbhalo omfushane ogcwele ekuqaleni wonga umjikelezo wokubuyekeza ogcwele kamuva.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Ngikhetha kanjani isilinganiso samanje sekhebula lokushaja le-CCS2?
Qala ngamanje okukhipha okuqhubekayo kweshaja, bese wengeza umjikelezo wokusebenza wendawo kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lendawo. Isilinganiso sekhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 esimenywe ezingeni lokushisa elilinganiselwe lingase lidinge ukwehliswa endaweni eshisayo, evezwe yilanga. Buza umhlinzeki ngesisekelo sesilinganiso kanye nezinga okumenywe ngokulo ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa i-oda.
Kufanele ngikhethe nini ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 eliphehlwa ngamanzi esikhundleni seliphehlwa ngumoya?
Ukupholisa ngoketshezi ngokuvamile kucatshangelwa lapho amandla aphezulu aqhubekayo e-DC eyisizathu sokuklama futhi isisindo sekhebula noma ukuphathwa kwayo kuyisithiyo sangempela. Kuvumela isigaba esincane somqhubi ukuthi sithwale umsinga oqhubekayo kodwa sengeza isekethe yokupholisa, izimpawu, kanye nohlelo lokunakekela. Ama-assembly apholiswa ngomoya ahlala eyinketho yokuqala yokushaja kwe-AC kanye namazinga angenamandla e-DC.
Ingabe ubude bekhebula buthinta ukusebenza kwekhebula lokushaja le-CCS2?
Yebo. Ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 elide kakhulu lengeza ukumelana komqhubi, okukhiqiza ukushisa endleleni futhi kunciphise i-voltage efinyelela emotweni. Emizileni yokushaja ngokushesha kwe-DC lokhu kungaholela ekwehlisweni noma ekuvikelweni kokushisa. Chaza ubude obuphethiwe kanye nokwehla kwe-voltage okwamukelekayo ndawonye ukuze usayizi womqhubi nendlela yokupholisa kuqinisekiswe njengesinqumo esisodwa.
Yimiphi imigomo esebenza kukhebula lokushaja le-CCS2?
I-IEC 62196-3 ichaza isixhumi sokushaja se-DC, kuyilapho i-IEC 62196-1 ihlanganisa izidingo ezijwayelekile kuhlanganise nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa okwamukelekayo ezindaweni zokuxhumana. Imigomo yochungechunge lwe-IEC 62893 ivame ukubhekiselwa kuyo ekwakhiweni kwekhebula lokushaja le-EV. Abathengi abafaka umkhiqizo emakethe ye-EU kufanele futhi bacele imibhalo efanele yokumaka kwe-CE.
Ingabe ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 lihambisana nemoto yami?
Ukuhambisana kwemoto kuncike ekutheni i-inlet ihambisane ne-CCS2 interface nasekutheni i-latch geometry ihambisane ne-coupler. Amazinga ahambisanayo awakuqinisekisi ukuthi ama-tolerances ayafana, ngakho nikeza uhlu lwamamodeli ezimoto noma umdwebo we-inlet kumphakeli. Lokhu kufinyeza ukuqinisekisa futhi kugwema izinkinga ze-warranty esizeni.
Yimaphi amadokhumenti okufanele afike nokuthunyelwa kwe-CCS2 charging cable?
Lindela i-datasheet yokucushwa okuqondile, imibiko yokuhlolwa nezitifiketi lapho kusebenza khona, kanye nohlu lokupakisha. Lapho kufunwa imvume yomuntu wesithathu efana ne-TUV, buza inombolo yesitifiketi kanye nobubanzi ekubhekisela kukho. Amadokhumenti kufanele asho imodeli, isilinganiso samanje, kanye nobubanzi obuhloliwe.
Yini inani elincane loku-oda lwe-oda le-CCS2 charging cable?
I-MOQ iqinisekiswa ngokokuhlelwa kwekhebula ngakunye hhayi njengenombolo eyodwa yonke inkampani. Ukuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile okuphehlwa ngumoya kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuphehlwa ngamanzi okunamandla aphezulu akuhlanganyeli isheduli yokukhiqiza, ngakho ubuningi nezikhathi zokuhola ziyahluka. Thumela imininingwane ephelele esicelweni sokuqala ukuze kokubili kuqinisekiswe ndawonye.
Ihluke kanjani indlu yokuthekelisa kumkhiqizi ekutholeni ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2?
Indlu yokuthekelisa isebenza namafektri angabambisani ahloliwe, ngakho ukukhiqizwa ngakunye kuhlala kumbambisani ogxile kuleyo nto. Lesi sakhiwo siphinde sivumele izinto eziningi zamakhebula namathuluzi ukuthi zihlanganiswe emthwalweni owodwa. Abathengi kufanele basacela imibiko yokuhlolwa eqondene nokuhlelwa kanye nezitifiketi kuwo wonke ama-oda.
Ingabe ikhebula lokushaja le-CCS2 lingenziwa ngendlela eyenzelwe ukufaka ilebula yangasese noma ukupakisha?
Izinketho zokwenza ngendlela oyifunayo njengokulebula kanye nefomethi yokupakisha zingaxoxwa kanye nokucaciswa kobuchwepheshe. Faka isidingo embuzweni wokuqala ukuze sikwazi ukukwenza isilinganiso esigabeni esifanayo nekhebula. Ukuqinisekisa lemininingwane sekwephuzile ngokuvamile kwengeza umjikelezo wokubuyekeza esikhathini sokuhola.
Yiluphi ulwazi okufanele ngiluthumele ukuze ngithole isilinganiso sekhebula lokushaja le-CCS2?
Thumela isilinganiso samanje esiqhubekayo seshaja, ubude bekhebula eliqediwe oludingayo, kanye nezinga lesixhumi semoto noma umdwebo wendawo yokungena. Ukwengeza ibanga lokushisa kwendawo kanye nomjikelezo womsebenzi kusiza ekunqumeni phakathi kwezinketho ezipholiswa ngumoya nalezo ezipholiswa nguketshezi. Sizokuqinisekisa ukucushwa okufanele ngesilinganiso.
Ucingo
WhatsApp