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Amasistimu e-RO Anosawoti Ophezulu: Izinselelo Nezixazululo | Haidi Environment
Kwadalwa ngo 09.17
Amasistimu e-RO Anosawoti Ophezulu: Izinselelo Nezisombululo | Haidi Environment
Izikhungo zezimboni okufanele zisebenzise kabusha amanzi noma ziqhubekele ekungabi namanzi alahlekayo zithola ngokushesha ukuthi ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kufinyelela umkhawulo wakho lapho izinto ezincibilikile zikhuphuka ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamamiligremu ilitha ngayinye. Amasistimu e-RO anosawoti ophezulu athuthukiswa ngqo kulelo windo elinzima, lapho ingcindezi ye-osmotic, ingozi yokukala, kanye nokugqwala konke kukhula ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-Reverse osmosis ihlala iyisithiyo sokukhipha usawoti esisebenza ngamandla amancane kunazo zonke ezitholakalayo kwezohwebo, nokho isebenza ngokuthembekile kuphela lapho ukwelashwa kwangaphambili, ama-membrane, amaphampu, izinsimbi zokulinganisa, kanye nekhemistri kuklanywa njengeyunithi eyodwa ehlanganisiwe. Kubaphathi bezimboni ezimayini, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi, i-petrochemicals, kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile emhlabeni wokulahla imfucuza, umehluko phakathi kwesitimela esizinzile esinosawoti ophezulu kanye nesihlala sihluleka ngokuvamile uncika ekuziphatheni kahle kokuklama kanye nekhwalithi yezingxenye. Ukuqonda ukuthi ubunzima buvelaphi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokubuxazulula ngokomnotho. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinselelo zangempela zamasistimu e-RO anosawoti ophezulu kanye nezixazululo ezingokoqobo ezilethwa yi-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD kumakhasimende ezimboni emhlabeni wonke.
Kungani Izinhlelo ze-RO ezinosawoti omningi Zibalulekile Ekusetshenzisweni Kabusha Kwamanzi Ezimbonini kanye Nokukhishwa Kwe-Liquid Okungu-Zero
Izimiso zokushoda kwamanzi, izimvume zokukhipha amanzi, kanye nezinhloso zokusimama kwezinkampani zicindezela amafekthri ukuthi abuyise amanzi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka emisukeni yawo yemfucuza. Izinhlelo ze-RO ezinosawoti ophezulu zenza lokho kube nokwenzeka ngoba zingagxilisa i-brine kude ngegalelo lokuba yingozi kunosawoti okhuthazwa yizitimela zamanzi ezinosawoti ojwayelekile. Emaphrojekhini okukhipha uketshezi olungu-zero, i-reverse osmosis isebenza njengesinyathelo sokugxilisa okukhulu esinciphisa umthamo odla isigaba sokugcina se-thermal noma se-crystallization, okunciphisa ngqo izindleko ze-capital kanye nezokusebenza. Ngaphandle kwesithiyo se-membrane esiqinile phezulu, ama-evaporator nama-crystallizer kuzofanele abhekane nokugeleza okukhulu, okwenza i-ZLD ingabi nokwenzeka ngokwezimali ezindaweni eziningi zezimboni. Ukusebenzisa kabusha i-permeate ezindaweni zokupholisa, ama-boiler, noma ukugcwalisa inqubo kunciphisa ukungeniswa kwamanzi aluhlaza kanye nezindleko zendle. Izinhlelo ze-RO ezinosawoti ophezulu eziklanywe kahle ngakho-ke zihlala zisemqoka kunoma yiliphi isu elinokwethenjelwa lokusebenzisa kabusha amanzi ezimbonini.
Ukuqonda Izinhlelo ze-RO ezinosawoti omningi: Izici Zamanzi Okufaka, Ingcindezi ye-Osmotic, kanye Nezinhloso Zokusebenza
I-salinity emanzini angcolile ezimbonini ayivamisile ukuba yinombolo eyodwa elula, ngakho-ke onjiniyela kufanele babheke i-total dissolved solids, izilinganiso ze-ion ngazinye, i-hardness, i-silica, i-boron, izinto eziphilayo, kanye nezinga lokushisa ndawonye. Njengoba ukugxila kwe-feed kukhuphuka, i-osmotic pressure iyakhuphuka nayo, futhi ingcindezi edingekayo ukusunduza amanzi nge-membrane ikhula cishe ngokulingana. Umfudlana ono-35,000 mg/L TDS uziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu kunowo-70,000 mg/L, ngisho noma i-membrane element efanayo ifakiwe. Izinhloso zokubuyisela, imikhawulo ye-flux, kanye nokudlula kukasawoti konke kuyashintsha njengoba ukugxila kukhuphuka, futhi ingxenye ye-brine yesitsha iba yindawo ecindezelwe kakhulu ohlelweni. Izinhloso zokusebenza zezinhlelo ze-RO ezinosawoti omningi ngakho-ke kufanele zichazwe ngokwekhwalithi ye-permeate, ukubuyisela, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhethekile, kanye nemvamisa yokuhlanza, hhayi nje inombolo eyodwa eyinhloko. Ubunjiniyela obuhle bulinganisa lezo zinto ezine eziguquguqukayo ngokumelene namakhemikhali wamanzi angempela kanye nesabelomali sokusebenza sendawo.
Izinselelo Eziyinhloko Zezinhlelo ze-RO ezinOSawoti Oningi
Ingcindezi Ephezulu ye-Osmotic kanye Nokusetshenziswa Kwe-Energy
Inselelo eyodwa esobala kakhulu ukuthi amanzi okusetshenziswa agxilile adinga ingcindezi ephezulu kakhulu esetshenziswayo. Amaphampu anengcindezi ephezulu angase adinge ukuletha ama-bar angu-60 kuya ku-80 noma ngaphezulu, futhi umthwalo kagesi wesigaba se-membrane uba yizindleko eziphambili zokusebenza. Wonke ama-bar engeziwe akhuphula zombili izikweletu zikagesi kanye nengcindezi yomshini kuma-seal, imikhumbi, kanye namapayipi. Inkinga iyakhula ekugcineni kwe-brine yesitsha sengcindezi, lapho ingcindezi ye-osmotic iphezulu kakhulu futhi ingcindezi yokuqhuba eyinethi iphansi kakhulu. Uma abaklami bengakunaki lokhu kwehluka, ama-elementi asekugcineni awakhiqizi cishe i-permeate kuyilapho esebenzisa amandla afanayo okumpompa. Amathuluzi okubuyisela amandla kanye nokuhlela ngokucophelela izigaba yizimpendulo ezijwayelekile.
Ukuncipha Kwe-Membrane, Ukuqina, kanye Nokungcola Kwe-Inorganic
Njengoba amanzi ekhishwa, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-barium, i-strontium, i-carbonate, i-sulfate, ne-silica konke kugxila ebusweni be-membrane. Uma imingcele yokuncibilika kwazo isequliwe, kumila amakristalu, futhi isikala esivela kulokho kunzima ukusisusa ngaphandle kokulimaza i-elementi. I-silica iyinkinga ikakhulukazi ngoba yakha indawo eqinile, efana nengilazi, amakhemikhali amaningi ajwayelekile okuhlanza angeke akwazi ukuyincibilika. Isikala sokuqina sinciphisa ukungena, sikhuphule ingcindezi yokufaka, futhi sandise ukudlula kukasawoti, kwehle kancane kancane izinga le-permeate. Emisebenzini eminingi, isikala — hhayi i-membrane ngokwayo — yisona sici sangempela esikhawulela ukutholakala okungafinyelelwa. Ukufaka i-antiscalant ngendlela efanele nokulawula i-pH kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe izinhlelo ze-RO ezinosawoti omningi zizinzile.
Ukungcola Kwe-Organic, Colloidal, kanye Nezinto Eziphilayo
Amanzi angcolile ezimbonini avamise ukuthwala amafutha, izinto ze-humic, ama-surfactants, nama-colloid alengayo abeka phezu kwendawo ye-membrane nasezihlukanisini zokudla. Lezi zendlalelo zakha indawo evumela i-biofilm, futhi ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo kungaqala phakathi nezinsuku emanzini afudumele anezakhamzimba. I-biofouling inyusa ukwehla kwengcindezi phezu kwesakhi, inyusa imvamisa yokuhlanza, futhi ingabangela ukuvaleka unomphela kwemigudu. I-colloidal fouling yenza ngendlela efanayo, ikakhulukazi lapho ukudluliswa kwe-coagulant yangaphambi kokwelashwa kungalawulwa ngokucophelela. Ngenxa yokuthi izinto eziphilayo nezinto eziphilayo zivame ukuxubana ne-inorganic scale, ukuhlanza kuba nzima kakhulu kunanoma yisiphi isimo se-foulant eyodwa. Ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kwangaphambili okuqinile kanye neqhinga le-biocide akuhlukaniseki ekukhethweni kwe-membrane.
Ukugxila Kwe-Polarization kanye Nokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Ye-Permeate
Ebusaweni eliphezulu, ukugcwala kukasawoti ebusweni be-membrane kukhuphuka ngaphezu kokugcwala kwe-feed eyinhloko, into eyaziwa ngokuthi i-concentration polarization. Lo mphumela wenyusa ingcindezi ye-osmotic endaweni futhi usheshisa ukudlula kukasawoti kungene ku-permeate. Abasebenzi bangabona izinga le-permeate liwa kudala ngaphambi kokuba kuvele noma yiliphi iphutha lemishini. Amazinga e-flux aphezulu kanye nesivinini esiphansi se-cross-flow kwenza le nkinga ibe yimbi kakhulu, yingakho i-flux kufanele ilinganiselwe ngamabomu emsebenzini we-TDS ephezulu. Uhlobo lwe-element, ukwakheka kwe-feed spacer, kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-vessel konke kunomthelela ekutheni ukugeleza kusatshalaliswa ngokulingana kangakanani. Ukugcina izinga le-permeate kumasistimu e-RO anosawoti omningi ngakho-ke kuyinkinga yokwakheka kwe-hydraulic kanye nenyinkinga ye-membrane.
Ukugqwala, Ukucindezelwa Kwe-Pressure Vessel, kanye Nezidingo Zokulungisa
I-brine egxilile iyanolaka, futhi imifudlana egcwele i-chloride ihlasela insimbi ye-carbon, izinto zokuqinisa, kanye namakhasi ezinsimbi zokulinganisa. Izingcindezi eziphezulu zokusebenza zibeka ingcindezi yomshini eqhubekayo ezitsheni zengcindezi, izixhumi, kanye nezimpawu zamaphampu. Ukushintsha kokushisa kanye nokudlidliza kwengeza ukukhathala okugcina kuvela njengokuvuza noma ukwehluleka kwezimpawu. Izikhathi zokulungisa ziyafinyela, futhi isikhathi sokuphazamiseka okungalindelekile siba yingozi enkulu yokukhiqiza. Ukukhethwa kwezinto — insimbi engagqwali ye-duplex, i-super duplex, noma izingxenye ezingezona ezensimbi — kufanele kunqunywe ngesikhathi sokuklama, hhayi ngemva kokwehluleka kokuqala kokugqwala. Ukutholakala kwezingxenye zokushintsha kanye nokusabela kwesevisi nakho kubalulekile kakhulu ezitshalweni ezinosawoti omningi kunezitshalo ezijwayelekile.
Ukuphathwa Kwe-Brine, Ukuthobela Ukulahlwa, kanye Nokulawulwa Kwezindleko
I-consentrate stream ekhiqizwa izinhlelo ze-RO ezinomunyu ophezulu kufanele iphathwe, ilashwe, noma ihwamuke, futhi lokhu kuvame ukuba yinto ebiza kakhulu kulo lonke iphrojekthi. Izimvume zokulahlwa ziya ngokuya zikhawulela usawoti, izinsimbi, nama-ion athile, ngakho-ke ukulahlwa ngendlela elula emseleni akuvamisile ukuba yinto engenzeka. Ukuncishiswa komthamo ngokuqhubeka nokugxilisa nge-membrane ngokuvamile kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esishibhe kakhulu. Ngale kwalokho, ukuhwamuka okushisayo nokugxilisa kuhlala kuyindlela ejwayelekile ezinhlelweni ze-ZLD. Ukulinganisa ukuhambisana nemithetho nesabelomali sokusebenza kudinga ukumodela izimo ngokucophelela. Ukukhetha ubuchwepheshe bokugxilisa obulungile kusenesikhathi kugwema ukulungiswa okubizayo kamuva.
I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD: Ukubuka Konke Kwenkampani
Isizinda Sokukhiqiza eTianjin, eChina
I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD isebenza endaweni yokukhiqiza nokuhlanganisa e-Tianjin, okungelinye lamadolobha aseShayina asebenza kakhulu kwezimboni nasemachwebeni. Le ndawo inikeza ukufinyelela okuqondile kukho kokubili imigqa yokuhlinzeka yasekhaya nemizila yemikhumbi yamazwe ngamazwe. Ukukhiqiza kuhlanganisa amakhemikhali okuhlanza amanzi, ama-membrane elements, ama-dosing packages, nezinhlelo eziphelele ezifakwe kuma-skid. Ukuhlanganisa kwangaphakathi kuvumela inkampani ukuthi ilawule izinga, isikhathi sokuhola, kanye nezindleko ngasikhathi sinye. Ungabuyekeza iphrofayela yebhizinisi ebanzi kanye nephothifoliyo yomkhiqizo ku-Ikhaya ikhasi. Lokhu kulungiselelwa okuhlanganisiwe kuyinzuzo yangempela kumakhasimende abhekene nezikhathi zephrojekthi eziqinile.
Ucwaningo Nokuthuthukiswa, Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi, Nobunjiniyela Obukhethekile
Inkampani itshala imali ngokuqhubekayo ekuthuthukisweni kokwakhiwa kwemithi yokuvimbela ukukhula kwesikali, izivimbeli zesikali nokugqwala, izibulala-magciwane, kanye namakhemikhali okuhlanza. Yonke into ihlolwa ngokumelene nezimiso zangaphakathi ngaphambi kokukhishwa, futhi imikhiqizo ye-membrane iqinisekiswa ngokusebenza kwayo ekwenqabeni nasekugelezeni. Amaqembu onjiniyela angokwezifiso ahumusha idatha yokuhlaziywa kwamanzi abe yimiklamo yesistimu ebambekayo esikhundleni sokukhethwa kwekhathalogi. Imibhalo, izitifiketi zezinto ezisetshenziswayo, kanye nemibiko yokuhlola kuhambisana nokulethwa ngakunye. Lokhu kuziphatha kubaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wamanzi anosawoti amaningi, lapho ukuchezuka okuncane kwekhemistri noma izinga lezingxenye kukhiqiza imiphumela emikhulu yokusebenza.
Ulwazi Lwamaphrojekthi Emhlabeni Wonke Kanye Nesevisi Yezobuchwepheshe
U-Haidi uhlinzeke ngemishini namakhemikhali kumaphrojekthi okususa usawoti emanzini, ugesi, ukucwenga izinsimbi, amakhemikhali, kanye nokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ezindaweni eziningi. Isipiliyoni sasendle ngezinto ezinzima zamanzi — i-silica ephezulu, ubulukhuni obuphezulu, izinto eziphilayo eziphezulu — sibuyela ngqo ekuthuthukisweni komkhiqizo. Amathimba okusiza ngobuchwepheshe asekela ukusebenza, ukuxazulula izinkinga, nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Ukuxilongwa kude nokubuyekezwa kokusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile kusiza amaklayenti ukuthi agcine amasistimu awo ngaphakathi kwezindinganiso zokuklama. Kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe, le nhlanganisela yesilinganiso sokukhiqiza nokusekelwa kobunjiniyela okusheshayo iyindlela esebenzayo yokunciphisa ingozi.
Izixazululo Zakwa-Haidi Zezinhlelo Ze-RO Ezinamanzi Anosawoti Amaningi
Ama-Membrane e-RO Anokwenqaba Okuphezulu, Amelana Nokungcola
Ukukhethwa kwe-membrane kubeka umkhawulo kulokho noma yiluphi uhlelo lwe-RO olunosawoti omningi olungakufinyelela. I-Haidi ihlinzeka ngezinto ezakhelwe ukunqanda okuphezulu nokusebenza okuzinzile ngaphansi kwezinga eliphezulu likasawoti, kuhlanganise nezinga lokusetshenziswa kwamanzi olwandle kanye nezinketho zengcindezi ephansi. I-surface chemistry ilungiselelwe ukumelana nokunamathela kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokukhulula amadiphozithi kalula ngesikhathi sokuhlanza. Ukwakhiwa kwe-element okufanayo kunciphisa ukuhamba komgudu futhi kugcina ukusatshalaliswa kwe-cross-flow. Imigqa ye-brackish, ukuhlanza amanzi olwandle nge-desalination, i-nanofiltration, kanye ne-membrane yengcindezi ephansi iyatholakala nge-Imikhiqizo1 uhlu. Ukufanisa into efanele nomsebenzi ofanele kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesevisi yokuklama.
Amaphampu Anomfutho Ophezulu Ongawonga Amandla Namadivaysi Okubuyisela Amandla
Ukumpompa kuyisici esisetshenziswa kakhulu kwamandla kunoma yisiphi isitshalo se-reverse osmosis, futhi ukusebenza ngamanzi anosawoti amaningi kukhulisa lelo sabelo. I-Haidi ihlanganisa amaphampu asezingeni eliphezulu asebenza kahle kanye namadivayisi okubuyisela amandla adlulisa ingcindezi isuka emseleni wamanzi anosawoti ibuyele ekudleni. Kuye ngokuhlelwa, lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu isidingo samandla esigabeni se-membrane. Ukulawulwa kwefrikhwensi eguquguqukayo kuvumela uhide lwemishini ukuthi lulandele izinguquko ezingeni lokushisa nokuba nosawoti kokudla ngaphandle kokumosha amandla. Ukuhlelwa kwe-hydraulic ngokucophelela nakho kunciphisa ukulahleka kwengcindezi phakathi kwezigaba. Umphumela uwuhlelo oluhlala lusebenza ngokomnotho ngisho ngenkathi ingcindezi ye-osmotic inyuka.
Ukulungiselela, Ama-Antiscalant, Nokuthuthukiswa Kokufakwa Kwamakhemikhali
Akukho membrane engavala ukuntuleka kokulungiselela okwanele, yingakho uHaidi ethatha i-chemistry njengomkhakha wokuklama. Izindlela zokwakha i-antiscalant zikhethwa ngokulingana nezinkomba zokugcwala kwe-calcium carbonate, i-sulfate, i-silica, nezinhlanganisela ze-barium. Amazinga okufaka umuthi abalwa ngokuhlaziywa kwamanzi kwangempela hhayi ngemithetho ejwayelekile yokulinganisa. Izinhlelo ze-coagulant, i-flocculant, ne-biocide zilungiselelwa ukugwema ukudlulela okungangcolisa izakhi. Ipulatifomu ehlakaniphile yokufaka umuthi isekela ukulawula kwamakhemikhali okunembile nokuphindaphindekayo. Uhlu oluphelele lwamakhemikhali e-reverse osmosis namanzi okupholisa luyatholakala ngaphansi kwe-Imikhiqizo.
Ukuqapha Okuhlakaniphile, i-CIP, kanye Nokugcinwa Okubikezelayo
Izitshalo ezinosawoti omningi zizuza ngendlela engalingani emishinini yokuhlola ngoba izinkinga zikhula ngokushesha. Amasistimu e-Haidi angafaka ukuhlolwa kwe-conductivity, ingcindezi, ukugeleza, izinga lokushisa, kanye ne-ORP esigabeni ngasinye. Ukulandelana kwedatha okujwayelekile kwembula ukungcola noma ukunqwabelana kwezinto ngaphambi kwesikhathi eside kokusebenza okubonakalayo kwehla. Ukulandelana kokuhlanza endaweni kusetshenziswa idatha esikhundleni samakhalenda ahleliwe, okwandisa impilo ye-membrane. Ukuhlela kwesondlo okubikezelayo kunciphisa ukuvalwa okungahleliwe futhi kuzinzise ukukhiqizwa. Ukulingisa kanye namapulatifomu okulinganisa okuhlakaniphile avela emgqeni we-Hydro-Intellect ahambisana nale ndlela yokuqapha.
Ama-Skid e-Modular Wokugxilisa i-Brine kanye ne-ZLD
Ivolumu ye-brine iyisici esibiza kakhulu kumaphrojekthi amaningi e-zero liquid discharge, ngakho u-Haidi unikeza ama-modular skid azinikele emsebenzini wokugxilisa. Lawa mayunithi angahlelwa ngezigaba ukuze kukhuphuke ukubuyiselwa okuphezulu ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukwelashwa ngokushisa. Ukwakhiwa kwe-skid kunciphisa isikhathi sokufakwa endaweni futhi kwenza kube lula ukwandiswa esikhathini esizayo. Ama-module ajwayelekile futhi anciphisa ingozi yezobunjiniyela uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlelwa okuphelele okwenziwe ngokwezifiso. Umqondo wokulawula ohlanganisiwe ugcina isigaba ngasinye sisebenza ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yaso yokukala nengcindezi. Leli felsefa le-modular lenza i-ZLD ifinyeleleke ezindaweni zezimboni eziphakathi nendawo, hhayi ezinkampanini ezinkulu zikagesi kuphela.
Izinqubo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokuklama Nokusebenza kwe-High-Salt RO
Ukuhlaziywa Kwamanzi Okufakwayo Nokuhlolwa Kwe-Pilot
Wonke umsebenzi ophumelelayo onezinto eziningi zikasawoti (high-salinity) uqala ngokuhlaziywa kwamanzi okuphelele nokuphindaphindiwe. Ukwakheka kwe-ionic, i-silica, izinto eziphilayo, izinto ezinganyibiliki ezimile emanzini, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kufanele kuchazwe kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka, hhayi ngesampula eyodwa nje. Lapho ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kungajwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kokuqala (pilot testing) endaweni kususa okuningi kokungaqiniseki okusele. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwembula amazinga okungcola, izikhathi zokuhlanza, kanye nemikhawulo yangempela ye-flux. Futhi kuqinisekisa izinhlelo zokufaka amakhemikhali ngaphambi kokuzibophezela okugcwele. Izindleko zokuhlolwa kokuqala cishe zihlala zincane kunezindleko zokuhlela kabusha.
Ukuhlelwa Kwezigaba, I-Flux, Ukubuyiselwa, kanye Nokuklanywa Kwengcindezi
Isigaba sinquma ukuthi ingcindezi nokugeleza kusatshalaliswa kanjani esihlahleni se-membrane. Ekusebenzeni kwamanzi anosawoti omningi, abaklami ngokuvamile basebenzisa i-flux elinganiselayo kanye nezinhlu ezilinganiselwe ngokucophelela ukuze bagweme ukulayisha ngokweqile izakhi zokugcina. Izinhloso zokubuyisela kufanele zibekwe ngokumelene nemikhawulo yokugcwala hhayi ngesifiso nje. Ukuqagela kwengcindezi yokufaka kufanele kufake isibonelelo sokungcola esingokoqobo. Ukumodela kwekhwalithi ye-permeate ngokusebenzisa isofthiwe eyaziwayo kwengeza isiqiniseko ngaphambi kokwakhiwa. Lezi zinqumo, ezenziwa kusenesikhathi, zinquma kakhulu ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside.
Ukulungiselela Ngaphambi Kwe-High TDS, Ubulukhuni, ne-Silica
I-Pretreatment yemifudlana egxilile ihlanganisa ukucaciswa, ukuhlunga, ukuthambisa, kanye nokulungiswa kwamakhemikhali ngokulandelana okuhambisana namanzi athile. Ukuthambisa nge-lime noma ukushintshaniswa kwe-ion kuvame ukuthethelelwa lapho ubulukhuni budlulele. Ukulawulwa kwe-silica kungase kudinge ukulungiswa kwe-pH noma ikhemistri ye-antiscalant ezinikezelwe. Ukuhlunga nge-media kanye nokuhlunga nge-cartridge kuvikela amaphampu anengcindezi ephezulu kanye nezinto ezincane eziyizinhlayiyana. Izindawo zokujova amakhemikhali kufanele zibekwe ukuze kuxutshwe kahle futhi kube nesikhathi sokuphendula. Ukwenza i-pretreatment kahle ngokuvamile kubiza kancane kunokushintsha ama-membrane kaningi.
Amasu Okuhlanza kanye Nokwandisa Impilo Ye-Membrane
Ukuhlanza kusebenza kahle kakhulu lapho kuhloswe ngqo ukungcola kwangempela esikhundleni sokusebenzisa indlela ejwayelekile. Izihlanzi ze-alkaline zisusa izinto eziphilayo nama-biofilm, kuyilapho izihlanzi ze-asidi zincibilikisa i-carbonate ne-metal scale. Amadiphozithi e-silica ne-sulfate angase adinge izinhlanganisela ezikhethekile nemijikelezo yokucwiliswa isikhathi eside. Izinga lokushisa lokuhlanza, i-pH, izinga lokugeleza, nobude besikhathi konke kufanele kulawulwe ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yomenzi we-membrane. Ukulandelela ukusebenza okujwayelekile ngemuva kokuhlanza ngakunye kuveza ukuthi isu liyasebenza yini. Ukubhalwa okuvumelanayo komlando wokuhlanza kungenye yezindlela ezilula kakhulu zokwandisa impilo ye-membrane ezinhlelweni ze-RO ezinosawoti omningi.
Izicelo Nezimboni
Ukususwa Kwamanzi Aswayo Namanzi Anosawoti Emhlabeni
Ukuhlanjululwa kwamanzi olwandle kuseyisicelo esisodwa esikhulu kunazo zonke sobuchwepheshe be-membrane yengcindezi ephezulu. Izitshalo zikamasipala nezemboni zithembele kukho ukukhiqiza amanzi aphuzwayo noma amanzi okusetshenziswa ezimbonini avela emithonjeni ene-TDS engu-35,000 mg/L noma ngaphezulu. Ukuhlanjululwa kwamanzi anomunyu ophakathi kwemba yonke, lapho usawoti usenyukile kodwa ingcindezi ye-osmotic isalawuleka. Zombili lezi zicelo zizuza ekubuyiselweni kwamandla nasekuklanyweni kokuhlanza ngokucophelela. Ukukhethwa kwe-membrane kuyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwale misebenzi emibili. I-Haidi ihlinzeka ngama-elementi afanele iwindi ngalinye lokusebenza.
Amanzi Angcolile Ezimayini, I-Metallurgy, kanye Nezitshalo Zamandla
Ukumbiwa kwezimayini kanye nokusebenza kwezinsimbi kukhiqiza amanzi angcolile ane-asidi, anezinsimbi, futhi anosawoti omningi okunzima ukuwalahla. Izimboni zikagesi zibhekana nezinkinga ezifanayo ngamanzi aphuma ezindaweni zokupholisa, amanzi angcolile asuka ekuhlanzeni umoya, kanye namanzi asemachibini omhlaba. Izinhlelo ze-RO ezinosawoti omningi zivumela le mifudlana ukuthi igxilwe futhi isetshenziswe kabusha esikhundleni sokulahlwa. Ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi ukuze asetshenziswe ekupholiseni kunciphisa izindleko zokuthenga amanzi aluhlaza. Izinsimbi ne-sulfate kungabe sekuphathwa ngevolumu encane kakhulu yamanzi anosawoti. Le nhlanganisela yokuhambisana nemithetho kanye nokonga izindleko iyisizathu esiqinile sebhizinisi.
Chemical, Petrochemical, and Pharmaceutical Effluents
Izitshalo zamakhemikhali zikhiqiza amanzi angcolile ayinkimbinkimbi aqukethe izincibilikisi, izinto eziphilayo, kanye nosawoti oncibilikile ngesikhathi esisodwa. Izindawo ze-petrochemical zengeza ama-hydrocarbon nama-sulfide, okudinga ukwelashwa okunamandla kwangaphambi. Amanzi angcolile ezemithi angase athwale izinto ezisebenzayo kanye nemithwalo ephezulu yezinto eziphilayo ecindezela izinhlelo zebhayoloji. Ukugxilisa nge-membrane ngemva kokwelashwa kwebhayoloji kuvumela ukuthi amanzi amaningi abuyiselwe. Futhi kunciphisa umthamo othunyelwa ekulahlweni noma ekushisweni. Isidingo esibalulekile ukwelashwa kwangaphambi okukhusela ngokuthembekile izakhi ekungcoleni kwezinto eziphilayo.
I-Landfill Leachate kanye Nokukhishwa Kwe-Liquid Okungu-Zero
I-landfill leachate ingenye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu embonini ngoba usawoti, i-ammonia, nezinto eziphilayo kuyavela ndawonye. Ukwelashwa ngezinto eziphilayo kuphela akuvamisile ukuhlangabezana nemikhawulo yokulahlwa kwemifudlana enjalo. Ukugxilisa nge-reverse osmosis okulandelwa ukuhwamuka kuyindlela eqinisekisiwe eya ku-zero liquid discharge. Ukukhipha i-ammonia noma ama-membrane contactors kuvame ukuhlanganiswa ukuphatha i-nitrogen. Ukuphathwa kwe-concentrate kuhlala kuyinkinga ebalulekile yokuklama. Ama-modular ZLD skids enza le ndlela isebenze kuma-landfill asezingeni eliphakathi.
Kungani Ukhetha I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD?
Imikhiqizo Engabizi Kakhulu, Esebenza Kahle Kakhulu
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile kusuka ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali kuya ekuhlanganiseni kwe-skid kugcina izindleko zilawulwa ngaphandle kokudela ukucaciswa. Ama-membrane elements ahlolwa ukwenqatshwa nokugeleza ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Amakhemikhali akhiqizwa ngokwakheka okungaguquki, i-batch ngemuva kwe-batch. Izindleko ezincintisanayo zibaluleke kakhulu lapho isabelomali sokusebenza sincane futhi ukushintshwa kwe-membrane kuvamile. Ukuma kuka-Haidi kuqondise ngqo kuleso sigaba semakethe. Amaklayenti athola idatha yokusebenza, hhayi nje izimangalo zekhathalogi.
Ukuklanywa Kwesistimu Okwenzelwe Umuntu Ngamunye kanye Nokulethwa Okusheshayo
Amaphakethe ajwayelekile awavamile ukulingana namakhemikhali amanzi angajwayelekile, ngakho-ke yonke iphrojekthi ye-Haidi iqala ngohlaziyo lwangempela lwekhasimende. Onjiniyela balungisa ukuhlelwa, i-flux, amakhemikhali, nezinto zokwakha ukuze kuhambisane nomsebenzi. Umthamo wokukhiqiza e-Tianjin usekela izikhathi zokuhola ezimfushane. Ukwakhiwa kwe-modular kuvumela ukuthunyelwa kwama-skid ahlanganiswe ngaphambili okunciphisa umsebenzi wendawo. Amaphakethe emibhalo ahlangabezana nezidingo zephrojekthi yamazwe ngamazwe. Ukulethwa okusheshayo kubalulekile lapho imboni isengaphansi komnqamulajuqu wokuhambisana nemithetho.
Ukuthembeka Okuqinisekisiwe Ezimweni Zamanzi Anosawoti Ophezulu
Ukusebenza ngamanzi anosawoti amaningi kuveza ubuthakathaka ngokushesha, futhi imikhiqizo ephila kulokho iba namandla eqiniso. Imigqa yezinhlayiya namakhemikhali yakwa-Haidi isetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zokuhlanza amanzi olwandle, ezimayini, nasezinhlelweni zokukhipha amanzi angcolile anezinga eliphezulu lokungcola. Impendulo yasensimini ibuyiselwa ekwakhiweni nasekubuyekezweni komklamo. Ukuthembeka kukalwa ngokuvama kokuhlanza, ukuphila kwesikhathi sezinhlayiya, kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza. Lezo yizilinganiso ezinquma izindleko zangempela zokusebenza. Lolu lwazi luyisizathu esinamandla kakhulu sezebhizinisi senkampani.
Ukusekelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Okuzinikezelwe Kanye Nesevisi Yangemva Kokuthengisa
Ukusekelwa kuqala ngokuklanywa kwesistimu futhi kuqhubeke kuze kufike ekusetshenzisweni nasekusebenzeni. Amaqembu ezobuchwepheshe asiza ekuqaliseni, ekulinganiseni ukusebenza, nasekuxazululeni izinkinga. Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kunciphisa ithuba lokwehluleka okungagwemeki. Izingxenye zokushintsha kanye namakhemikhali okuhlanza ziyatholakala njengezinto zokuhlinzeka eziqhubekayo. Ukubuyekezwa kwezinto zokusebenza kude kusiza ukubamba ukwehla kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Kumakhasimende aphesheya, lokhu kuqhubeka kuvame ukubaluleka njengoba kunjalo ngomshini ngokwawo.
Isifundo Sombandela: Iphrojekthi Eyimpumelelo Ye-High-Salt RO Ngezixazululo ze-Haidi
Indawo yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile evela endaweni yokulahla udoti eyayisebenza cishe ku-40,000 mg/L TDS yayinenkinga yokukhula kwezingqimba ngokushesha kanye nokushintshwa kwe-membrane okuvamile. Uhlelo olwalukhona lwaludinga ukuhlanza njalo ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa futhi lwalungakwazi ukugcina ukubuyiselwa kwalo okwakuklanyelwe. Onjiniyela bakwa-Haidi baqala ngokuhlaziya okuphelele kwe-ionic ne-organic kokudla, base bekhomba i-silica ne-calcium sulfate njengezingozi eziphambili zokukhula kwezingqimba. Uhlelo lokwelapha kabusha olwaklanywa kabusha lwahlanganisa ukuthambisa nge-softening kanye nohlelo lwe-antiscalant olulungiselelwe. Ama-membrane elements ashintshwa ngamamodeli anokwenqaba okuphezulu, amelana nokungcola, futhi ukuhlelwa kwama-staging kwalungiswa ukuze kuncishiswe i-flux ekugcineni kwe-brine. Amathuluzi okubuyisela amandla engezwa ukuze kulawulwe ukusetshenziswa kukagesi ekusebenzeni kwengcindezi ephezulu. Izikhathi zokuhlanza zandiswa zisuka emasontweni zaya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, ukubuyiselwa kwathuthuka ngokubonakalayo, futhi umthamo we-concentrate owawufakwa ku-evaporator wehla kakhulu. Indawo manje isebenza ngaphakathi kwemvume yayo yokulahla amanzi ngelixa isebenzisa imali encane nge-cubic meter ngayinye yamanzi ahlanziwe.
Isiphetho Nesicelo Sokwenza: Xhumana ne-Haidi Environment Ngenkinga Yakho Ye-High-Salt RO
Ama-RO system anamanzi anosawoti amaningi ayadinga kakhulu, kodwa ubunzima bawo buyabikezelwa ngakho-ke buyakwazi ukuphathwa. Ingcindezi ye-osmotic, ukunqwabelana kwezinto ezingcolisayo, ukungcola, i-polarization, ukugqwala, nokuphathwa kwamanzi anosawoti konke kunezindlela zobunjiniyela ezisunguliwe zokubhekana nazo. Okwehlukanisa isitshalo esizinzile enkingeni engapheli yikhwalithi yedizayini ehlanganisiwe kanye nokungaguquguquki kwamakhemikhali angemuva kwayo. I-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD ihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-membrane, ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali, ukukhiqizwa kwama-skid e-modular, kanye nesevisi yezobuchwepheshe ngaphansi kwenhlangano eyodwa, okunciphisa indlela esuka ekuhlaziyweni kwamanzi iye ohlelweni olusebenzayo. Noma ngabe umgomo uwukuhlanza amanzi olwandle, ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi ezimbonini, noma ukukhishwa kwamanzi okuphelele, onjiniyela benkampani bangakwazi ukulinganisa uhlelo, bakhethe ama-elementi, futhi basekele ukusebenza ngemuva kokuqalisa. Uma isikhungo sakho sibhekene nosawoti omningi, izindleko zokulahla ezikhuphukayo, noma imikhawulo yokukhishwa eqinisa, yabelana ngokuhlaziywa kwamanzi akho ne-Haidi futhi ucele isiphakamiso esilungiselelwe. Idizayini yohlelo efanele namuhla ivimbela iminyaka yokushintshwa kwama-membrane okubizayo kusasa.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nezistimu ze-High-Salt RO
Yini echaza isistimu ye-high-salt RO uma iqhathaniswa ne-standard RO plant?
Amasistimu e-RO anosawoti amaningi ngokuvamile asebenza ngamanzi angenayo angaphezu kuka-10,000 kuya ku-15,000 mg/L TDS, lapho umfutho we-osmotic uba umkhawulo obalulekile wokuklama. Asebenzisa amaphampu anomfutho ophezulu, i-flux elondolozayo kakhulu, amadivaysi okubuyisela amandla, nezinhlelo eziqinile ze-antiscalant kunezitimela zamanzi anosawoti omncane. Ukukhethwa kwe-membrane nakho kushintsha kuya kuma-elementi ezinga lolwandle noma ezinokwenqaba okuphezulu.
Kungani amasistimu e-RO anosawoti amaningi esebenzisa amandla amaningi kangaka?
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhuphuka ngoba umfutho we-osmotic ukhula cishe ngokulingana nokugcwala kukasawoti emanzini angenayo, ngakho umfutho owengeziwe uyadingeka ukuze kukhiqizwe i-permeate. Ngakho amaphampu anomfutho ophezulu abusa izindleko zokusebenza. Amadivaysi okubuyisela amandla adlulisa umfutho we-brine abuyele emanzini angenayo anganciphisa kakhulu lowo mthwalo, futhi ukuhlelwa ngokucophelela kuvimbela umfutho omoshayo ekugcineni kwe-brine.
Ukulawulwa kokukhula kwezinsimbi kungalawulwa kanjani ezinhlelweni ze-RO ezinomunyu ophezulu?
Ukulawulwa kokukhula kwezinsimbi kuhlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi okunembile, ukumodela kwenkomba yokugcwala, ukuthuthukiswa kokubuyiselwa, kanye nokulinganiswa kwe-antiscalant okulungiselelwe. Ukuthambisa noma ukulungiswa kwe-pH kungase kudingeke ngenxa yobulukhuni obukhulu noma i-silica. Izikhathi zokuhlanza kanye nedatha yokusebenza ejwayelekile kube sekuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwamakhemikhali luyasebenza ngempela.
Yimaphi amazinga okubuyiselwa angokoqobo ezinhlelweni ze-RO ezinomunyu ophezulu?
Izinga lokubuyiselwa langempela lincike kakhulu emikhawulweni yokugcwala kunakwi-membrane ngokwayo. Eminye imifudlana yezimboni ingagxilwa kuphela ku-50 noma ku-60 ekhulwini lokubuyiselwa ngaphambi kokuba ingozi yokukhula kwezinsimbi ibe ngeyamukelekile, kuyilapho okuphakelwayo okuthambisiwe kungafinyelela phezulu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-pilot kuyindlela ethembekile kakhulu yokusungula umgomo ophephile wamanzi athile.
Yimaphi ama-membrane asincomayo i-Haidi ezinhlelweni ezinomunyu ophezulu?
I-Haidi ihlinzeka ngama-elementi amelana nokungcola futhi anokwenqaba okuphezulu afanele amanzi anosawoti, amanzi olwandle, kanye nemisebenzi ye-nanofiltration. Ukukhetha okulungile kuncike ekugxileni kwe-feed, izinga lokushisa, amandla okungcola, kanye nekhwalithi ye-permeate edingekayo. Onjiniyela bafanisa i-elementi nomsebenzi esikhundleni sokusebenzisa umkhiqizo owodwa kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi.
Kufanele kuhlanjululwe kangaki ama-membrane e-RO anosawoti ophezulu?
Ukuhlanza kufanele kuqalwe ngedatha yokusebenza ejwayelekile esikhundleni sekhalenda elinganiselwe. Emsebenzini onzima, izikhawu zingaqala emasontweni ambalwa futhi zande zibe yizinyanga ezimbalwa uma i-pretreatment kanye nekhemistri sekulungisiwe. Amakhemikhali okuhlanza kufanele ahambisane ne-foulant yangempela, futhi izinga lokushisa ne-pH kufanele kuhlale ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yomkhiqizi.
Ingabe amasistimu e-high-salt RO angasekela amaphrojekthi okukhipha uketshezi olungu-zero?
Yebo, ngokuvamile ziyisinyathelo sokuqala sokugxilisa esingabizi kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-ZLD. Ukugxiliswa kwe-membrane kunciphisa ivolumu ye-brine efinyelela ku-evaporator noma ku-crystallizer, kunciphise izindleko ze-capital namandla. Ama-modular concentration skids enza le ndlela isebenze ezikhungweni zezimboni ezinosayizi omaphakathi.
Yini ebangela ukwehla kwekhwalithi ye-permeate emsebenzini we-high-salinity?
Ukwehla kwekhwalithi ye-permeate ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukugxila kwe-polarization, ukungcola kwe-membrane, ukwakheka kwe-scale, noma ukulimala kwe-O-ring ne-interconnector. Ukugxila okuphezulu kukasawoti endaweni kukhulisa ukudlula kukasawoti endaweni. Ukuqapha ukudlula kukasawoti okujwayelekile kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi kusiza ukukhomba imbangela yangempela ngaphambi kokuba ibe ukwehluleka okukhulu.
Ingabe i-Haidi ihlinzeka ngamakhemikhali kanye nama-membrane ndawonye?
Yebo, i-Haidi Environment (Tianjin) CO.,LTD ikhiqiza futhi ihlinzeka ngama-membrane e-reverse osmosis, ama-antiscalant, ama-scale kanye nama-corrosion inhibitors, ama-biocide, kanye namakhemikhali okuhlanza njengengxenye ehleliwe. Ukuhlinzeka ngazo zombili izingxenye kususa ukukhomba ngomunwe okwenzeka lapho amakhemikhali nama-membrane kivela kubathengisi abahlukene.
Ngingasithola kanjani isiphakamiso sohlelo lwe-RO olunosawoti ophezulu?
Qala ngokuhlaziywa kwamanzi okuphelele okuhlanganisa ama-ion, i-silica, izinto eziphilayo, izinto ezinganyakazi ezilengayo, kanye nobubanzi bokushisa. Onjiniyela bakwa-Haidi bese bemodela ukubuyiselwa, ingcindezi, kanye nengozi yokungcola, futhi bancomela ukuhlelwa. Ukuhlolwa kwe-pilot kungalandela lapho i-chemistry ingajwayelekile, futhi ama-skid e-modular anciphisa ukulethwa uma idizayini isigunyaziwe.
Xhumana
Shiya ulwazi lwakho futhi sizokuthinta.